@article { author = {Ebrahimzadeh, Fatemeh and Tarkashvand, Abbas}, title = {Functions and Features of the Residential Spaces Matching Children’s Needs}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89049}, abstract = {The houses which are not suitable for children’s behavioral needs and are not proportionate to their cognitive patterns cannot play a significant role in reinforcing children’s physical and mental development process. Meanwhile, living in these houses is inevitable due to numerous reasons including economy. The extreme results of this form of life can lead to consequences such as children’s overweight, spatial cognition development problems in analyzing and recognizing the environment, children’s sociability problems as well as an increase in the number of children whose physical development does not match their age range. In such situation, taking residential spaces which are suitable for children into account can be influential in their cognitive and behavioral patterns development. Therefore, the present study aims to scrutinize the appropriate features of children’s spaces through their recognition and understanding of their behavioral and cognitive characteristics. These spaces need to match their behavioral features and should meet their cognitive needs. To this end, the functions of spaces in connection with children and their influential spatial characteristics were determined through the analysis of the data collected from library resources. Thereafter, these initial features were adjusted to the opinions of architectural experts and professors. To this purpose, correlation research approach and survey questionnaire technique were applied. Finally, the achieved data was analyzed using factor analysis statistical test in SPSS software. In the end, using the findings of theoretical field studies, the necessary features of residential spaces that should be adjusted to children’s cognitive and behavioral needs were provided.}, keywords = {Housing,Cognitive Needs,Behavioral Needs,children,Residential Spaces}, title_fa = {Functions and Features of the Residential Spaces Matching Children’s Needs}, abstract_fa = {The houses which are not suitable for children’s behavioral needs and are not proportionate to their cognitive patterns cannot play a significant role in reinforcing children’s physical and mental development process. Meanwhile, living in these houses is inevitable due to numerous reasons including economy. The extreme results of this form of life can lead to consequences such as children’s overweight, spatial cognition development problems in analyzing and recognizing the environment, children’s sociability problems as well as an increase in the number of children whose physical development does not match their age range. In such situation, taking residential spaces which are suitable for children into account can be influential in their cognitive and behavioral patterns development. Therefore, the present study aims to scrutinize the appropriate features of children’s spaces through their recognition and understanding of their behavioral and cognitive characteristics. These spaces need to match their behavioral features and should meet their cognitive needs. To this end, the functions of spaces in connection with children and their influential spatial characteristics were determined through the analysis of the data collected from library resources. Thereafter, these initial features were adjusted to the opinions of architectural experts and professors. To this purpose, correlation research approach and survey questionnaire technique were applied. Finally, the achieved data was analyzed using factor analysis statistical test in SPSS software. In the end, using the findings of theoretical field studies, the necessary features of residential spaces that should be adjusted to children’s cognitive and behavioral needs were provided. }, keywords_fa = {Housing,Cognitive Needs,Behavioral Needs,children,Residential Spaces}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89049.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89049_15e156762fed24872c4a7992c0c7006b.pdf} } @article { author = {Eskandari, Maryam and Balilan Asl, Lida and Sattarzadeh, Dariush}, title = {Promoting the Sense of Place Attachment through Enplaning the Meaning of Place in the Open Space of Aseman-e-Tabriz Residential Complex}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {15-30}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89050}, abstract = {The meaning of place and, consequently, the quality of relationship between people and places has become significant due to the current ever rising identity crises and the breakdown of meaning as a result of various phenomena such as globalization. Since the open space has lost its value and since the open space design is not considered in residential complexes, the close relationship between residents and the environment has been degraded and the sense of place attachment is forgotten in design. Therefore, this research seeks to define the effective components of place meaning, place attachment and the quality of residents and open space interaction in residential complexes. In this regard, the main question is how the components of physical environment (objective) and psychological environment (subjective) relate and counterbalance; and also, which component of place attachment has the most effect factor on open space design in residential complexes. To achieve the abovementioned goal, this research is configured in three phases: explaining, scrutinizing and evaluating the findings. This paper is an applied research conducted through analytical-descriptive methodology. The data were collected in two ways: documentary-library and field-survey; and were processed through questionnaires, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, using SPSS software and linear regression. Eventually, the data were evaluated and analyzed regarding the impact rate of each component of the triple indicators of place attachment in the residential complexes in three general categories: meaning, emotional and functional aspects. The data were used in six components of open space, including the pedestrian access, driveway access, playing space, green space, urban furniture and sitting space. The results show that place attachment components have the highest impact on green space and the playing space, pedestrian access, furniture, driveway access and then the sitting space are the most effective factors respectively; it can be mentioned that place attachment indicators interrelate directly.}, keywords = {Meaning,Open Space,Place Attachment,Aseman-e-Tabriz Residential Complex}, title_fa = {Promoting the Sense of Place Attachment through Enplaning the Meaning of Place in the Open Space of Aseman-e-Tabriz Residential Complex}, abstract_fa = {In the course of Islam’s history and, especially, Seljuks Era, Iran has always been one of the primary loci of Islamic Art. On the other hand, ottomans have taken long leaps in the area of architecture through being inspired by Iranian and Byzantine Art. Due to Iran and ottoman adjacency as well as their cultural exchanges and the common governmental aspects, the art and architecture of these two territories have borrowed ideas from one another and share similarities. The goal of the present article is the comparative investigation of the architectural indices and elements of the memorial and mortuary buildings constructed during Seleucid Era in Rome and inspired by the mortuary and mosque buildings of Iran. The study theoretical framework is laid on the foundation of the perspective that the past architectural spaces are influenced by the cultural phenomena and the cultural exchanges have played roles in their formation. The present study’s research methodology is historical-interpretive and it deals with the investigation, exploration and comparison of the volumetric combination of the buildings, types of decorations and tile works’ images and paintings in the mortuary buildings of Seleucid Era’s Rome and the Seleucid Era’s Iranian edifices so as to reveal the effect of culture and cultural exchange in architecture. The present study’s findings underline the issue that the art and architecture of Seleucid Era’s Rome have been influenced by Damascus Art before the presence of the Iranians; however, it was with the arrival of the Iranian artists that parts of the architecture were constructed by Iranian images and decorations. The interaction between Iranians and rulers of Seleucid Era’s Rome and the auspicious conditions provided by them caused the Iranians to promote culture, rites and traditions and distinct signs of science, art and knowledge that were prevalent in the then Iran upon their entry into Rome.}, keywords_fa = {Meaning,Open Space,Place Attachment,Aseman-e-Tabriz Residential Complex}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89050.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89050_85efc1070277a2ef78023c411aed1c68.pdf} } @article { author = {Ilka, Shahab and Bazrafkan, Kaveh and Soltanzadeh, Hossein}, title = {Analysis of Creativity in Architectural Design after the Islamic Revolution; Case Study: The Selected Award Winning Architectural Works}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {31-49}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89052}, abstract = {This research focuses on the analysis of creativity in the process of architectural design works of the Islamic revolution in Iran. The research methodology is “descriptive-analytic” in the stage of theoretical literature and “content analysis” in the operational stage. The statistical population is composed of four architectural works chosen from “Memar” award winning architectural works in 2001-2017 based on the indices derived from theoretical foundations, i.e. “a. value exhibition, b. creation of ambiguity, c. creation of tension, d. form transformability and deconstruction, e. use of tangible and intangible metaphors, and f. use of paradox and metaphysics”. This study tries to evaluate the creativity indices in the selected samples and seeks to see whether there is any significant relationship between the indices of creativity and the effectiveness of the works and the process of their selection as the superior sample. At the end, the analyses suggest that there is no significant relationship between the effectiveness of these indices in the totality of works and the process of selection as creative works; it seems that the referees of the competition did not have any unique procedure for their selection. Moreover, it is concluded that the ambiguity in the process of design has been against the creation of value; because the effects with higher mean marks in value exhibition, contradiction, order and chaos, fullness and emptiness, lightness and heaviness, natural and artificial, new and old offer lower marks in “creation of ambiguity”. Paradox and metaphysics were of the highest degrees and the factor of “new and old” had the lowest ranks. Given the types of architectural styles of revolution, in terms of form, modern materials and technologies, unique examples of creativity have taken form proportionate to the growth of technology and the relationship of the context and background of the monument. }, keywords = {creativity,Design Process of Architecture,Indices of Creative Design}, title_fa = {Analysis of Creativity in Architectural Design after the Islamic Revolution; Case Study: The Selected Award Winning Architectural Works}, abstract_fa = {This research focuses on the analysis of creativity in the process of architectural design works of the Islamic revolution in Iran. The research methodology is “descriptive-analytic” in the stage of theoretical literature and “content analysis” in the operational stage. The statistical population is composed of four architectural works chosen from “Memar” award winning architectural works in 2001-2017 based on the indices derived from theoretical foundations, i.e. “a. value exhibition, b. creation of ambiguity, c. creation of tension, d. form transformability and deconstruction, e. use of tangible and intangible metaphors, and f. use of paradox and metaphysics”. This study tries to evaluate the creativity indices in the selected samples and seeks to see whether there is any significant relationship between the indices of creativity and the effectiveness of the works and the process of their selection as the superior sample. At the end, the analyses suggest that there is no significant relationship between the effectiveness of these indices in the totality of works and the process of selection as creative works; it seems that the referees of the competition did not have any unique procedure for their selection. Moreover, it is concluded that the ambiguity in the process of design has been against the creation of value; because the effects with higher mean marks in value exhibition, contradiction, order and chaos, fullness and emptiness, lightness and heaviness, natural and artificial, new and old offer lower marks in “creation of ambiguity”. Paradox and metaphysics were of the highest degrees and the factor of “new and old” had the lowest ranks. Given the types of architectural styles of revolution, in terms of form, modern materials and technologies, unique examples of creativity have taken form proportionate to the growth of technology and the relationship of the context and background of the monument. }, keywords_fa = {creativity,Design Process of Architecture,Indices of Creative Design}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89052.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89052_c96ad4c4aadc3f7293857b5fdbe54210.pdf} } @article { author = {Japalaghi, Gholamreza and Mohammad Moradi, Asghar and Memarian, Gholam Hossein}, title = {Historical Interruption and Continuity Attitude in Recent Changes in Architecture of Historical Iranian Fabrics}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {51-59}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89053}, abstract = {Review and continuation of the physical evidence can be pursued over a long period in Iranian architecture; however, the architecture of modernity occurred in  persistence of Iranian architecture. The past architecture and discontinuity can be the factors deemed to avoid identity. Facing tradition against contemporary ideas is now a challenge in many primeval countries. Lack of intimacy and compliance has grown up so that fewer ones can establish a logical architectural connection with the past. Gaps in the historical structures are often visible all over the country. This paper is examining the historical break in the continuum or dimension of the recent historical contexts relying on the opinion of experts in this field. For this purpose, two different concepts are studied to achieve the new categories available in the recent events of the last six decades. The questions in this research are as follows: a. Have the experts named the recent developments in architecture of historical context and to what extent do they believe in discontinuity or break? b. What are the categories available about the issue of continuity and stability in the two historical contexts? Based on the research methodology, this article is a comprehensive review of the existing resources and library records in case of historical break or continuum. After summing up the new categories, for providing reliable data, resulted survey and reports were amended by interviewing the experts.  Snowball sampling method was used in this research.  At first, experts were divided into three groups according to their opinions. The first two groups believe that discontinuity and deviance is happening in the last decade but the third groups believe this is related to the all-historical periods.}, keywords = {Continuity Attitude,Interruption Attitude,Historical Cities,Contemporary and History Relationship}, title_fa = {Historical Interruption and Continuity Attitude in Recent Changes in Architecture of Historical Iranian Fabrics}, abstract_fa = {Review and continuation of the physical evidence can be pursued over a long period in Iranian architecture; however, the architecture of modernity occurred in  persistence of Iranian architecture. The past architecture and discontinuity can be the factors deemed to avoid identity. Facing tradition against contemporary ideas is now a challenge in many primeval countries. Lack of intimacy and compliance has grown up so that fewer ones can establish a logical architectural connection with the past. Gaps in the historical structures are often visible all over the country. This paper is examining the historical break in the continuum or dimension of the recent historical contexts relying on the opinion of experts in this field. For this purpose, two different concepts are studied to achieve the new categories available in the recent events of the last six decades. The questions in this research are as follows: a. Have the experts named the recent developments in architecture of historical context and to what extent do they believe in discontinuity or break? b. What are the categories available about the issue of continuity and stability in the two historical contexts? Based on the research methodology, this article is a comprehensive review of the existing resources and library records in case of historical break or continuum. After summing up the new categories, for providing reliable data, resulted survey and reports were amended by interviewing the experts.  Snowball sampling method was used in this research.  At first, experts were divided into three groups according to their opinions. The first two groups believe that discontinuity and deviance is happening in the last decade but the third groups believe this is related to the all-historical periods.}, keywords_fa = {Continuity Attitude,Interruption Attitude,Historical Cities,Contemporary and History Relationship}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89053.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89053_8731d50aa85ca75400e180d6d7476511.pdf} } @article { author = {Moeini, Seyed Hossein and Alai, Ali}, title = {The Role of Library in a School of Architecture, A Study of the Built Environment Library of SBU}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {61-71}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89056}, abstract = {The swing of the pendulum between centralization and decentralization of the higher education (HE) system has generally been towards the former in the Iranian context in the past decade. This has prompted some academics, particularly those who find their disciplines left out to react by highlighting intrinsic differences in teaching and studying methods across the HE spectrum. Built Environment disciplines are no exceptions in this regard as their interdisciplinary nature has always made it difficult to classify them as science, art or engineering, and hence to expect research and study methods associated with either. The present research initially started not to highlight the differences between Built Environment and other libraries, but to scrutinize the ways in which this particular library is used. Further examinations cast light on managerial and cultural issues behind what authors believe to be the underuse of the library. However, the research also highlighted possible discipline-specific reasons for such underuse. Authors are convinced, however, that not only what is considered as norms in library usage standards should be applied to this library cautiously, but also that there is a need to rethink the role of a library in research and teaching excellence in this particular context.  }, keywords = {library,Architecture,Built Environment Libraries,Librarian Studies,Library Usage Patterns,Academic Libraries}, title_fa = {The Role of Library in a School of Architecture, A Study of the Built Environment Library of SBU}, abstract_fa = {The swing of the pendulum between centralization and decentralization of the higher education (HE) system has generally been towards the former in the Iranian context in the past decade. This has prompted some academics, particularly those who find their disciplines left out to react by highlighting intrinsic differences in teaching and studying methods across the HE spectrum. Built Environment disciplines are no exceptions in this regard as their interdisciplinary nature has always made it difficult to classify them as science, art or engineering, and hence to expect research and study methods associated with either. The present research initially started not to highlight the differences between Built Environment and other libraries, but to scrutinize the ways in which this particular library is used. Further examinations cast light on managerial and cultural issues behind what authors believe to be the underuse of the library. However, the research also highlighted possible discipline-specific reasons for such underuse. Authors are convinced, however, that not only what is considered as norms in library usage standards should be applied to this library cautiously, but also that there is a need to rethink the role of a library in research and teaching excellence in this particular context.  }, keywords_fa = {library,Architecture,Built Environment Libraries,Librarian Studies,Library Usage Patterns,Academic Libraries}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89056.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89056_5815804c4bb3d6260a39af81f9ab72cd.pdf} } @article { author = {Saadatjoo, Paria and Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad and Zarkesh, Afsaneh}, title = {Porosity Rendering in High-Performance Architecture: Wind-Driven Natural Ventilation and Porosity Distribution Patterns}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {73-87}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89057}, abstract = {Natural ventilation is one of the most essential issues in the concept of high-performance architecture. The porosity has a lot to do with wind-phil architecture to meet high efficiency in integrated architectural design and materialization a high-performance building. Natural ventilation performance in porous buildings is influenced by a wide range of interrelated factors including terrace depth, porosity distribution pattern, porosity ratio, continuity or interruption of the voids and, etc. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of porosity distribution pattern on natural ventilation performance in a mid-rise building. One solid block and six porous residential models based on unit, row and combined relocation modules with different terrace depths (TD = 1.2, 1.5 m) were analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The evaluations are based on grid sensitivity analysis and a validation of wind tunnel measurements. Investigations indicated that introducing the velocity into a solid block would enhance the building natural ventilation performance up to 64 percent compared to the solid case. However, it is demonstrated through simulations that the porosity distribution pattern as an architectural configuration has a significant effect on ventilation efficiency. Unit-Relocation models (U-RL) have approximately 1.64 times the mean airflow of the solid block, 1.1 times of Row-Relocation (R-RL) and 1.22 times of Combined-Relocation models (CO-RL). U-RL models are also able to achieve approximately 1.26 times the maximum air velocity inside the blocks compared to the solid case. This value is about 1.05 times of R-RL cases and 1.1 times of CO-RL cases. The results clearly indicated that porosity distribution pattern is a factor that could be modified by architects to fulfill most of architectural and environmental requirements.}, keywords = {Natural Ventilation,High-performance Architecture,Windphil Architecture,porosity,Distribution pattern}, title_fa = {Porosity Rendering in High-Performance Architecture: Wind-Driven Natural Ventilation and Porosity Distribution Patterns}, abstract_fa = {Natural ventilation is one of the most essential issues in the concept of high-performance architecture. The porosity has a lot to do with wind-phil architecture to meet high efficiency in integrated architectural design and materialization a high-performance building. Natural ventilation performance in porous buildings is influenced by a wide range of interrelated factors including terrace depth, porosity distribution pattern, porosity ratio, continuity or interruption of the voids and, etc. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of porosity distribution pattern on natural ventilation performance in a mid-rise building. One solid block and six porous residential models based on unit, row and combined relocation modules with different terrace depths (TD = 1.2, 1.5 m) were analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The evaluations are based on grid sensitivity analysis and a validation of wind tunnel measurements. Investigations indicated that introducing the velocity into a solid block would enhance the building natural ventilation performance up to 64 percent compared to the solid case. However, it is demonstrated through simulations that the porosity distribution pattern as an architectural configuration has a significant effect on ventilation efficiency. Unit-Relocation models (U-RL) have approximately 1.64 times the mean airflow of the solid block, 1.1 times of Row-Relocation (R-RL) and 1.22 times of Combined-Relocation models (CO-RL). U-RL models are also able to achieve approximately 1.26 times the maximum air velocity inside the blocks compared to the solid case. This value is about 1.05 times of R-RL cases and 1.1 times of CO-RL cases. The results clearly indicated that porosity distribution pattern is a factor that could be modified by architects to fulfill most of architectural and environmental requirements. }, keywords_fa = {Natural Ventilation,High-performance Architecture,Windphil Architecture,porosity,Distribution pattern}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89057.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89057_2c5139e0d06c0de0e581606a8a0a1285.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadeghi, Ali Reza and Khakzand, Mehdi and Jangjoo, Sina}, title = {Historical Analysis of the Role of Bazaar on the Formation of Iranian Islamic Urban Forms; Case Study: Shiraz, Iran}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {89-101}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89058}, abstract = {Iranian Islamic city is a physical entity that represents social, cultural and political mechanisms in the Iranian territory where forms, elements, and rules governing the interaction of the inhabitants and the environment are based on the Islamic worldview. Physical, functional, and spatial centers constitute the main form of the city. Also, Bazaar is one of the main elements of traditional Islamic-Iranian cities which has been originally developed for the fulfilment of commercial and manufacturing functions. The present study attempts to analyze these important factors in the formation process of Bazaar structure, as an important factor shaping the ancient Islamic Iranian cities, and to investigate the relationship of these changes with the changes of the urban community. In order to investigate the role of Bazaar in the integrity of the physical form and the main structure of historic cities of Iran in the present study, a combination of descriptive, historical, and comparative research method was used through reviewing texts, sources and visual documents, and the analysis of the evolution of urban Bazaars in shaping the form of ancient Islamic Iranian cities. The results of this research indicate that the physical form, performance, activity dimension, and accessibility features of Bazaar in all historical periods from the beginning of the formation of the primary basis of Shiraz as an Iranian Islamic city have been impressive in the effectiveness of the role of Bazaar in the formation of this city, except for the contemporary period (from Pahlavi Era up to now). This has led to the reduced importance of Bazaar in the formation of Shiraz city with the transformation of its social and physical structures and the arrival of modern elements and, thereby, Bazaar has lost its past position.}, keywords = {Historical Analysis,Bazaar,Islamic Iranian city,Urban Form,Shiraz}, title_fa = {Historical Analysis of the Role of Bazaar on the Formation of Iranian Islamic Urban Forms; Case Study: Shiraz, Iran}, abstract_fa = {Iranian Islamic city is a physical entity that represents social, cultural and political mechanisms in the Iranian territory where forms, elements, and rules governing the interaction of the inhabitants and the environment are based on the Islamic worldview. Physical, functional, and spatial centers constitute the main form of the city. Also, Bazaar is one of the main elements of traditional Islamic-Iranian cities which has been originally developed for the fulfilment of commercial and manufacturing functions. The present study attempts to analyze these important factors in the formation process of Bazaar structure, as an important factor shaping the ancient Islamic Iranian cities, and to investigate the relationship of these changes with the changes of the urban community. In order to investigate the role of Bazaar in the integrity of the physical form and the main structure of historic cities of Iran in the present study, a combination of descriptive, historical, and comparative research method was used through reviewing texts, sources and visual documents, and the analysis of the evolution of urban Bazaars in shaping the form of ancient Islamic Iranian cities. The results of this research indicate that the physical form, performance, activity dimension, and accessibility features of Bazaar in all historical periods from the beginning of the formation of the primary basis of Shiraz as an Iranian Islamic city have been impressive in the effectiveness of the role of Bazaar in the formation of this city, except for the contemporary period (from Pahlavi Era up to now). This has led to the reduced importance of Bazaar in the formation of Shiraz city with the transformation of its social and physical structures and the arrival of modern elements and, thereby, Bazaar has lost its past position.}, keywords_fa = {Historical Analysis,Bazaar,Islamic Iranian city,Urban Form,Shiraz}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89058.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89058_f853572c331557f41238457fa63cd003.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaei, Naimeh and Eskndaryan, Gholamreza}, title = {What Drives the Attractiveness of Commercial Streets; Case Study: Beheshti Street in Bojnord (Iran)}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {103-111}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89060}, abstract = {Beheshti Street in Bojnord is one of two main arteries in the city’s commercial system, which is located in the city centre. Behashti Street, unlike most commercial streets, has no restaurants, coffee shops, fast-food stores, or any place to sit for recreation; however this street is too crowded every day, especially in the morning and in the period before the Persian new year, in March. This research studied the factors underlying the commercial attractiveness of this street from the consumers’ point of view. The data have been collected using semi-structured interviews. According to the subject of this study, we have used a general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. The results of this study show that consumers on this street are mostly the rural population. The results also suggest that the commodities have a greater impact on the commercial attractiveness of Beheshti Street. For rural customers, low price is the first priority, and then the variety of goods that are not found elsewhere. For the local customers, the most important factor was the existence of specialized shops. The environment of the street was of a lower importance. Very few respondents referred to the traditional atmosphere of the street as their motivation to go there. The interviews show that the consumers of this street have mostly utilitarian motivations and hedonic consumers are rare on this street. Therefore, we can say that the reasons of attractiveness of Street lay in its ability to meet the needs of its customers.}, keywords = {Beheshti Street,Bonjord,Commercial Street,Commercial Attractiveness,Commodity}, title_fa = {(What Drives the Attractiveness of Commercial Streets; Case Study: Beheshti Street in Bojnord (Iran}, abstract_fa = {Beheshti Street in Bojnord is one of two main arteries in the city’s commercial system, which is located in the city centre. Behashti Street, unlike most commercial streets, has no restaurants, coffee shops, fast-food stores, or any place to sit for recreation; however this street is too crowded every day, especially in the morning and in the period before the Persian new year, in March. This research studied the factors underlying the commercial attractiveness of this street from the consumers’ point of view. The data have been collected using semi-structured interviews. According to the subject of this study, we have used a general inductive approach for qualitative data analysis. The results of this study show that consumers on this street are mostly the rural population. The results also suggest that the commodities have a greater impact on the commercial attractiveness of Beheshti Street. For rural customers, low price is the first priority, and then the variety of goods that are not found elsewhere. For the local customers, the most important factor was the existence of specialized shops. The environment of the street was of a lower importance. Very few respondents referred to the traditional atmosphere of the street as their motivation to go there. The interviews show that the consumers of this street have mostly utilitarian motivations and hedonic consumers are rare on this street. Therefore, we can say that the reasons of attractiveness of Street lay in its ability to meet the needs of its customers. }, keywords_fa = {Beheshti Street,Bonjord,Commercial Street,Commercial Attractiveness,Commodity}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89060.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89060_1382224efb0075e754f8351786f76080.pdf} } @article { author = {Bigdeli Rad, Vahid}, title = {The Impact of Government Policies on Citizen Participation in the Reconstruction of the Deteriorated Fabrics in District 17 of Tehran Municipality}, journal = {Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development}, volume = {12}, number = {26}, pages = {113-124}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar}, issn = {2008-5079}, eissn = {2538-2365}, doi = {10.22034/aaud.2019.89061}, abstract = {Today, deteriorated urban fabrics face a number of issues and problems which ultimately discourages living in these areas. Today, governments are concerned about reconstruction of these areas with the help of citizen participation. In this regard, governments are seeking to increase the incentive to reconstruct the deteriorated fabrics through initiating some policies. Some of these policies will increase citizen participation while some will be ineffective. Therefore, the effectiveness of each policy in increasing citizens participation needs to be evaluated. The present study evaluates the impact of these policies on the participation of the residents of district 17 of Tehran, which is one of the most deteriorated fabrics. Structural equation modeling with Smart PIS software was used for the analysis of the derived data. The results indicate that policies such as facilitating the merging of neighboring lands, defining incentives and discounting policies, granting banking facilities, providing conditions for mass developer participation, purchasing deteriorated properties at fair and reasonable prices by municipalities, exchanging deteriorated properties with newly created state-owned real estate and establishing neighborhood participation centers have a significant impact on increasing citizen participation in reconstruction of  deteriorated urban fabrics with coefficients of influence of 1.225, 0.694, 0.547, 0.430, 0.224, 0.209 and 0.115, respectively. Residents’ opinion polls on regeneration plans of deteriorated fabrics, on the other hand, do not have much effect in this regard. Therefore, it is recommended that governors and legislators strengthen the abovementioned effective policies and facilitate their provision; because resolving the problems of deteriorated fabrics in urban neighborhoods is impossible without the participation of residents.}, keywords = {government policies,Citizen participation,Reconstruction of Worn-out Texture,District 17 of Tehran Municipality}, title_fa = {The Impact of Government Policies on Citizen Participation in the Reconstruction of the Deteriorated Fabrics in District 17 of Tehran Municipality}, abstract_fa = {Today, deteriorated urban fabrics face a number of issues and problems which ultimately discourages living in these areas. Today, governments are concerned about reconstruction of these areas with the help of citizen participation. In this regard, governments are seeking to increase the incentive to reconstruct the deteriorated fabrics through initiating some policies. Some of these policies will increase citizen participation while some will be ineffective. Therefore, the effectiveness of each policy in increasing citizens participation needs to be evaluated. The present study evaluates the impact of these policies on the participation of the residents of district 17 of Tehran, which is one of the most deteriorated fabrics. Structural equation modeling with Smart PIS software was used for the analysis of the derived data. The results indicate that policies such as facilitating the merging of neighboring lands, defining incentives and discounting policies, granting banking facilities, providing conditions for mass developer participation, purchasing deteriorated properties at fair and reasonable prices by municipalities, exchanging deteriorated properties with newly created state-owned real estate and establishing neighborhood participation centers have a significant impact on increasing citizen participation in reconstruction of  deteriorated urban fabrics with coefficients of influence of 1.225, 0.694, 0.547, 0.430, 0.224, 0.209 and 0.115, respectively. Residents’ opinion polls on regeneration plans of deteriorated fabrics, on the other hand, do not have much effect in this regard. Therefore, it is recommended that governors and legislators strengthen the abovementioned effective policies and facilitate their provision; because resolving the problems of deteriorated fabrics in urban neighborhoods is impossible without the participation of residents.}, keywords_fa = {government policies,Citizen participation,Reconstruction of Worn-out Texture,District 17 of Tehran Municipality}, url = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89061.html}, eprint = {https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_89061_1e864fe1a48e4952706312b9a74426e6.pdf} }