ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sustainable Tourism in Suburban Nature Parks with Use of Strategy Analysis Approach (SWOT), Case Study: Nazhvan Lands in Isfahan Suburb
Nazhvan is the only remained green space in Isfahan suburb located at tow sides of Zayandeh-Rood river which due to unique potentials has attracted different social groups and green groups or those who prefer nature recreation rather than so-called urban recreation, and on the other hand, there are land-owners, land dealers and developers waiting for an opportunity to gain super-profit by buying and selling the land farms and gardens. But in recent years the urban management of Isfahan has decided to preserve farm lands through a strategic site development plan. (Because of increasing extension of the city over the Nazhvan site, and the large extent of the area, the urban management decided to prepare a comprehensive plan for a region as large as 1830 hectares in 1995). In this survey, base on strategic Analysis approach (SWOT), evaluation of strengths(S), weaknesses (W), opportunities (O), threats (T) and regulating different strategies in various contexts, the appropriate strategy has been chosen, that is, conservation of existing green space based on agro tourism side by side ecotourism in a new package which respond both to nature-oriented needs of citizens and conservation of farm lands and gardens in Isfahan suburbs.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32584_91d8e3b140f837b58e51df92f7fda12c.pdf
2010-03-01
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9
Sustainable Tourism
Suburban Natural Park
Strategy Analysis
- نوربلورچی، سیامک (1380) "مفاهیم و تعاریف صنعت گردشگری، نظام جامع آماری صنعت گردشگری" گزارش دوم.
1
-Lawson F. & Baud, Bovey M (1998) " Tourism & Recreation: Handbook of Planning and Design" UK, Architectural Press.
2
-Nilsson M. (2004) "Research and Advice on Strategic Environmental Assessment", Stockholm, Environment Institute Publications.
3
-Nilsson M. (2002) "SEA Methodology and Application in the Energy Sector" Swedish, National Energy Administration.
4
-Sty D., Porter M.E (2001) "Ranking National Environmental Regulation and Performance: A Leading Indicator of Future Competitiveness" UK, Oxford University Press.
5
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Introduction of Theoretical Bases for the Pattern as to Determine the Functional Compatible Boundary, a Way to Improve the Programs for Urban Land use in Iran
Modern urbanism has been crystallized in order to determine landuse boundary and
how to use them in planning. In the last century, this activity has passed a upward and
downward trend. Nowadays, urban designers tries to achieve a kind of landuse
application depends on ideas such as new-urbanism and sustainable development to
have desirable and with the ability of habitance. The basic challenges with theorists and
experts has caused research to have a continuous procedure.
Although the record of planning is very long in Iran, but measures which have been
done and designs which have been prepared, in the figure of primitive landuse plans has
been highly defective in both prepare and perform stages. Improving this procedure is a
necessity that should be accomplished due to the facts in urbanism and urban
management. Also, it should profit urbanism experiments and theorists which are
considered in the world.
Present article is a part of theoretical bases and suggestive method in this case which
has been presented based on detail research. Adopting synthetic approach and a step by
step process in order to compile a plan of compatible functional border lines in cities
and in order to promote management capability in landuse planning based on
informative skilled banks will be able to take first and effective steps to correct landuse
planning as per social and cultural standards. these are topics which in this article will
be discussed here below.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32587_6e4ec72ec5206d93a7c13e24ed64f7d4.pdf
2010-03-01
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22
Land Use Planning
Sustainable urban development
New-Urbanism
Functional Compatible Boundaries
- جابری مقدم، و مرتضی هادی (1386) "شهر و مدرنیسته چاپ دوم" تهران، فرهنگستان هنر.
1
- گزارش شرکت مشاور اپور (1384) تهران، انتشارات شرکت پردازش و برنامه ریزی شهر تهران.
2
- گودرزی، مجید، خداد فرمانفرمائیان و عبدالمجید مجدیدی (1381) " توسعه درایران 1320 – 1357 " تهران، انتشارات گام نو.
3
- Ben, Joseph , Earn) 2005) "The Code of the City: Standards and the Hidden Language of Place Making" MIT Press.
4
- Bernstein, Samuel & Ferber, Roman (1973) "The Problems and Pitfalls of Quantitative Methods in Urban Analysis" Journal of Policy Sciences, No4, pp: 29-39.
5
- Chapin, F .Stuart (1995) "Urban Land Use Planning" (Fourth Edition), University of Illinois Press.
6
- Feinstein, Susan (March2000) "New Directions in planning Theory" Journal of Urban Affairs Review, pp: 451-478.
7
- Gods Chalk, David R. (Winter2004) "Land Use Planning Challenges" Journal of the American Planning Association, pp: 5-13.
8
- Hall, Peter (2002) "Cities of Tomorrow" (Third Edition), New York, Blackwell Publishing.
9
- Hoch, Charles (2007) "Making Plans" Journal of Planning Theory, vole 6(1), pp: 16-35.
10
- Lecce's, M., & McCormick, K. (2007) "Charter of the New Urbanism" New York, McGraw, Hill.
11
- ManTech, Erich (1970) "From Forecasting and Planning to Policy Sciences" Journal of Policy Sciences, No1, pp: 31-47.
12
- Mantysalo, Rayne (2001) "Approaches to Participation in Urban Planning Theories" University of Oulu.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role of Physical Planning in Mitigating Urban Vulnerability against Earthquake
One of critical elements to reduce the damage of earthquake is the community`s
preparation to confront it. Making preparations to confront earthquake can be treated in
many ways. By applying physical planning mechanisms, cities can be designed and
planned in a way that they suffer the least damage during the earthquake. This paper
tries to Study the role of urban physical planning and concerning urban topics such as
urban structure, urban texture, urban form and urban density within theoretical
framework of urban planning in mitigating earthquake damages. Diverse urban
structures show different reactions against the earthquake. For instance, multi-center
urban structures are able to handle the earthquake better than single center structures.
By increasing the ratio of built area to whole area of parcel or to open space, the
vulnerability of open space due to piled up debris in it will be decreased substantially.
Some land-uses play a crucial role in situating urban vulnerability against the
earthquake. These land-uses are called "Special Land-Uses". Due to their critical
function in confronting earthquake, any damage to these land-uses during the
earthquake, may lead to catastrophic consequences. Hence, it is imperative to appoint
special land-uses with delicate and knowledgeable consideration so that the least
damage will be suffered by these centers.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32588_4210414d91780f3b09deab22bea187c2.pdf
2010-03-01
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Physical Planning
vulnerability
Earthquake
احمدی، حسن (1376) "نقش شهرسازی در کاهش آسیب پذیری شهر" فصلنامه مسکن و انقلاب، بنیاد مسکن انقلاب اسلامی.
1
تن برگ، دیویدونیه (1373)" مدیریت بحران" چاپ اول، علی ذوالفقاریان، تهران، انتشارات حدیث.
2
حبیب، فرح (1371)" نقش فرم شهر در به حداقل رساندن خطرات ناشی از زلزله" مجموعه مقالات اولین کنفرانس بین المللی بلایای طبیعی در مناطق شهری، تهران، دفتر مطالعات و برنامهریزی شهر تهران.
3
حبیبی، کیومرث و دیگران (1388)" امنیت شهری و GIS" تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه امام حسین.
4
حمیدی، ملیحه (1371)" ارزیابی الگوهای قطعه بندی اراضی و بافت شهری در آسیب پذیری مسکن"مجموعه مقالات سمینار سیاستهای توسعه مسکن در ایران، تهران.
5
سلطانزاده، حسین (1367)"مقدمه ای بر تاریخ شهر و شهرنشینی در ایران" تهران، انتشارات امیرکبیر.
6
عبدالهی، مجید (1380)" مدیریت بحران در نواحی شهری"تهران، انتشارات انوار.
7
قدیری، محمود علی(1381)" کاربرد روشهای برنامه ریزی شهری (کاربری زمین) در کاهش آسیب پذیری مناطق شهری در برابر زلزله" پایان نامه برای دریافت درجه کارشناسیارشد در رشته جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
8
مرکز مطالعات مقابله با سوانح طبیعی ایران(1375) "برنامه ریزی کاربری زمین در مناطق زلزله خیز(نمونه شهرهای لوشان، منجیل، رودبار" تهران، بنیاد مسکن انقلاب اسلامی ایران.
9
موسوی، سیده فاطمه(1384)" تمهیدات شهرسازی به منظور کاهش آسیب پذیری شهر در برابر زلزله-نمونه مطالعه شهر چالوس" پایاننامه برای دریافت درجه کارشناسیارشد در رشته شهرسازی- برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقهای دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.
10
-Fatidic, Handel, Osama, Refit (2007) "Urban Seismic Risk: Impact on Land use Planning in Nablus City, Palestine" Faculty of Graduate Studies at an- Rajah University, Nablus, Palestine.
11
-Nakabayashi, Istook (1994) "Urban Planning Based on Disaster Risk Assessment."In Disaster Management in Metropolitan Areas for the 21st Century, Proceedings of the IDNDR Aichi/Nagoya International Conference, 1- 4 November, Nagoya, Japan, 225-239.
12
-Sun, Shopping (1994) "Seismic Damage of Lifeline Facilities and Disaster Prevention in China" In Disaster Management in Metropolitan Areas for the 21st Century. Proceedings of the IDNDR Aichi/Nagoya International Conference, 1- 4 November, Nagoya, Japan, 317-325.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Qualitative Norms for Democratic Urban Spaces Design
Considering humanity was a basic issue from the emergence of urban design discipline. In addition, looking into the views of theoreticians of this field, a tendency for humanity and the liberality related to social life could be vividly traced during history. Therefore, what has been introduced as Democratic Urban Space Design is the consideration of ideas linking of humanities, people friendliness, and democratic concerns in urban context. In short, Democratic Urban Space Design is a concept which aims at "designing for all" and is concerned with the users' rights, freedom of access, and freedom of action in public places. Nevertheless, there has rarely been argued about the linkage between humanitarian and freedom norms in urban design process & professions fields. Having appropriate knowledge about environmental criterion & norms which their existence in public spaces addresses the people friendliness of such space, can be an introductory cue for understanding relationship between urban design & freedom. The responsive environments include such norms whose understanding from the freedom centeredness and people centeredness points of view can help us to identify these types of norms. This article is addressing specific methodology aiming to find appropriate norms for designing democratic urban public spaces. First of all, the general attributes of democracy and the normative characteristics of responsive environment have been studied from related field views & related case studies. Then, a comparative study in these areas could identify the common norms which play active role both in public spaces and in the arena of democracy. In the end, the aforementioned qualitative norms will be investigated briefly understanding their capabilities for design of a responsive public space/place in relation to democracy, human rights and freedom.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32590_be62d6739fbc70ad99cb4f86bd985325.pdf
2010-03-01
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Democracy
freedom
Democratic Urban Design Space
Environmental Quality
Norms & Responsiveness
friendliness
بحرینی، سید حسین وگلناز تاج بخش (1387) "مفهوم قلمرو در فضاهای شهری و نقش طراحی شهری خودی در تحقق آن" مجله هنرهای زیبا، تهران، شماره 6 : 31- 18.
1
- بنتلی، ایین؛ الکک، آلن؛ مورین، پال؛ مک گلین، سو؛ اسمیت، گراهام (1385) "محیطهای پاسخده" چاپ دوم، مصطفی بهزادفر، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.
2
- پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1386) "مبانی نظری و فرآیند طراحی شهری" چاپ دوم، تهران، انتشارات شهیدی.
3
- پوپر، کارل (1364) "جامعه باز و دشمنان آن" عزت الله فولادوند، تهران، انتشارات خوارازمی.
4
- توسلی، محمود و ناصر بنیادی (1386) "طراحی فضای شهری ـ فضاهای شهری و جایگاه آنها در زندگی و سیمای شهری" تهران، مرکز مطالعات و تحقیقات شهرسازی و معماری ایران.
5
- تیبالدز، فرانسیس (1383) "شهرسازی شهروندگرا" محمد احمدینژاد، اصفهان، نشر خاک.
6
- جیکوبز، جین (1386) "مرگ و زندگی شهرهای بزرگ آمریکایی"حمیدرضا پارسی و آرزو افلاطونی، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
7
- حبیبی، سید محسن (1379) "جامعه مدنی و حیات شهری" مجله هنرهای زیبا، تهران، شماره 7: 32- 21.
8
- دورانت، ویل (1384) "لذات فلسفه" عباس زریاب، چاپ هفدهم، تهران، شرکت انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
9
- دورتیه، ژان فرانسوا (1382) "علوم انسانی (گستره شناختها)" مرتضی کتبی و دیگران، تهران، نشر نی.
10
- رضایی، علی (1377) "ظهور و تکامل جامعه مدنی"جامعه مدنی و ایران امروز (مجموعه مقالات)، تهران، انتشارات نقش و نگار.
11
- رفعتجاه، مریم (1381) "دیالکتیک هویتها" نشریه کتاب ماه (علوم اجتماعی)، تهران، شماره 79.
12
- رورتی، ریچارد (1383) "فلسفه و دموکراسی (سخنرانی در خانه هنرمندان ایران)" پیام یزدانجو، تهران، دفتر پژوهشهای فرهنگی ایران.
13
- صفایی، علی (1383) "اقتصاد شهری پویا، مدیریت شهری کارا" مجموعه مقالات همایش ملی شهرسازی ایران، جلد دوم (مدیریت شهری)، زیر نظر مهیار اردشیری، شیراز، دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه شیراز.
14
- عالم، عبدالرحمن (1387) "بنیادهای علم سیاست" چاپ هجدهم، تهران، نشر نی.
15
- قربانیان، مهشید (1387) "خیابانهای اصلی شهر ـ ارائه دستورالعمل طراحی با رویکرد فضایی برای زندگی و حیات جمعی"
16
پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، تهران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.
17
- گِل، یان (1387) "زندگی در فضای میان ساختمانها" شیما شصتی، تهران، سازمان انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی.
18
- گلکار، کورش (1380) "مولفههای سازنده کیفیت طراحی شهری" فصلنامه صفه، تهران، سال یازدهم، شماره 32: 65- 38.
19
- لنگ، جان (1385) "طراحی شهری" سید حسین بحرینی، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
20
- لینچ، کوین (1381) "تئوری شکل شهر" سید حسین بحرینی، چاپ دوم، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
21
- مدنیپور، علی (1379) "طراحی فضای شهری: نگرشی بر فرایندهای اجتماعی ـ مکانی" فرهاد مرتضایی، تهران، شرکت پردازش و برنامه ریزی شهری.
22
- نجاتی حسینی، سیدمحمود (1380) "جامعه مدرن، شهروندی و مشارکت" فصلنامه مدیریت شهری، تهران، شماره 5: 15- 6.
23
- Behzadfar, M. (1997) "Environmentally Responsive Streets and Urban Design in Iran" Volume I, Sydney, the University of Sydney.
24
- Carmona, M. Heath. Of, T. and Ties dell, S. (2003) "Public Places, Urban Spaces: "The Dimensions of Urban Space & Design" Oxford, Architectural Press.
25
- Parkinson, J. (2006) ''Holistic Democracy and Physical Public Space'' British Journal of Political Science Conference, London, British Academy.
26
- Punter, J. Carmona, M. and Plats, A. (1996) "Design Policies in Local Plans: A Research Report" London, Department of the Environment.
27
- South Worth, M. and South worth, S. (1973) "Environmental Quality in Cities and Regions, A Review of Analysis and Management of Environmental (Quality in The United States)" Town Planning Review, 44(3): 231-253.
28
- South Worth, M. (1989) "Theory and Practice of Contemporary Urban Design, a Review of Urban Design Plan hen The United States" Town Planning Review, 60(4): 369-402.
29
- South Worth, M. & Ben-Joseph, E. (1995) "Street Standards and The Shaping of Suburbia" Journal of The American Planning Association, 61(1): 65-81.
30
-Walters, D.(2007) "Designing Community Characters, Master Plans and Form-Based Codes" Oxford, ELSEVIER and Architectural Press.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Reconsidering Contrast for Enhancing Visual Diversity in Urban Public Spaces, Case Study: Baharestan Square, Tehran
Urban public spaces quality is one of the most important concentrations in recent urban
design research. Trying to achieve urban public spaces that atones citizens is one of main
strategies of urban design projects. Because of visual relationship, it seems that visual
quality is one of the first stages of urban spaces pleasure. In urban design fundamentals this
subject argued in visual aesthetics of urban public spaces and basic concepts like
proportion, contrast, harmony and etc is considering. Among these concepts contrast has an
ambiguity that usage way of it has different results. We can say there is common border
between last degrees of contrast and first degrees of opposition. Notwithstanding negative
look of opposition when we consider it in urban design way of using can be negative or
positive. Review of great urban public spaces shows that there is degrees of opposition and
contrast. Urban design history in Iran has rich treasure of intelligent use of contrast. We can
see this intelligent use of contrast in all city and urban spaces like streets, plazas and etc.
Yazd and Isfahan in center of Iran are the famous cities for using contrast. Complexity has
been one of main concept in architecture and urban design of 20 century and one of main
critical subject between modernism and post modernism. Robert Venturi is famous person
for this subject. His famous book, complexity and contradiction is one of main references
for using contrast in architecture.
According to monotony in urban public spaces aspect of Iranian cities, it seems that we can
use potential of contrast for creating more visual diversity. Visual diversity can effect on
urban vitality. Baharestan square is one of the best cases that have potential of contrast and
opposition, but this subject has not been analyzed in formal aesthetic of square. Not pay
attention to this potential leads to lack of visual integration and visual perception.
In this article with description method and data collection with observation method, first we
define contrast, opposition and their degrees; second we try to analyze relation between
contrast and pleasure of urban public space in Baharestan square. It seems that using
contrast can enhance quality of Baharestan square and this contrast can effect on urban
identity of this square.
All considerations about contrast recognition in Baharestan square shows that different
design experiences of different historical period in main elements of main structure like
National Assembly, Sepahsalar Mosque and Islamic Assembly creates positive contrast.
They have built in different time from Ghajar period to now. Baharestan square is a scene
for showing this beautiful companion and narrative of this visual diversity picture. Pay
attention to this potential is one of main steps to enhance visual diversity of square. This
subject relates to wall height. This potential of contrast can deliver into square and in
organization project of Baharestan square we can use contrast in floor, walls and urban
furniture in accompany with effective contrast of formal elements to achieve special
identity of Baharestan square. Baharestan square with this identity introduce one of good
pattern for other urban public spaces.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32591_55d54ce4b05279117d1f6c3fd8fc3f62.pdf
2010-03-01
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opposition
Contrast
Visual Diversity
Baharestan Square
- ارباب جلفایی، آرش( 1379) "مبانی فلسفی و روانشناختی ادراک فضا"مجموعه مقالات گردآوری و ترجمه شده، اصفهان، نشرخاک.
1
- ایروانی، محمد و محمدکریم خداپناهی( 1371) "روانشناسی احساس و ادراک" تهران، انتشارات مطالعه و تدوین کتب انسانی دانشگاهها.
2
- پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1385 )"مبانی نظری و فرآیند طراحی شهری " تهران، انتشارات شهیدی.
3
- دانیس، دونیس (1375)" مبادی سواد بصری" مسعود سپهر، تهران، انتشارات سروش.
4
- فون مایس، پیر(1384) "عناصر معماری از فرم به مکان " مجتبی دولتخواه، تهران، ملائک.
5
-کالن،گوردن (1377 ) " گزیده منظر شهری" منوچهر طبیبان، تهران، دانشگاه تهران.
6
-گروتر،یورگ (1383) "زیبایی شناسی در معماری" جهانشاه پاکزاد و عبدالرضا همایون، تهران، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
7
-گیدئین زیگفرید (1374) "فضا زمان معماری" منوچهرمزینی، تهران، انتشارات علمی وفرهنگی.
8
- لینچ،کوین(1355) "سیمای شهر" منوچهر مزینی، تهران، دانشگاه ملی ایران.
9
- لنگ، جان (1381) "آفرینش نظریه معماری " علیرضا عینی فر، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
10
- هدمن ریچارد وآندرویازوسکی (1370)" مبانی طرا حی شهری" راضیه رضازاده و مصطفی عباسزادگان، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.
11
-Carmona, Matthew (2006) "Public Places - Urban Spaces" London, Architectural Press.
12
, Rob (1979) "Urban Space" London, Academy Edition. Kier-
13
Mouthing Cliff (2003) "Urban Design: Ornament and Decoration" London, Architectural Press.-
14
-Mouthing Cliff (2003) "Urban Design: Street and Square" London, Architectural Press.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Study of Affecting Indicators in Urban Identity, Case Study Jolfa Neighborhood in Isfahan City
City is the greatest symbol of human civilization that human built that for its security
and comfort. City is not just a settlement, but it is a place in which spirit of society is
blown and takes identity from that. Urban identity is the identity of a group that finds
meaning by objective emergence in body and concept of the city and leads citizens
toward urbanization via creating recall of common memories in citizens, belongingness
and dependence. Although, the city's identity is depending on culture of its citizens, it
influences the process of citizenship creation and may cause to composition of relative
criteria with cooperation and judgment of residents and viewers.
Since "identity" is a complex of attributes and specifications that cause "distinguish" of
an individual or society from other people and societies; the city is also characterized
and becomes independent following this criterion. The issue of identity in general and
urban identity in particular is among issues being important due to its role in cognition
of individuals, things, societies and places.
Despite importance of this case in recent periods, the crisis of urban identity is
worryingly felt; because in the past, cities and urban spaces have been having
independence, character and a specific identity. While what is formed in public minds is
nothing but a complex of tall buildings, streets, offices and parks that as a result of that
sense of belonging to these spaces becomes low and lower. In fact, it should be said that
in contemporary period and especially in recent years building for construction not for
living has not left any space for considering important and deep issues like identity in
urbanization and architecture. Urban planners and managers are seriously trying to
supervise human-made body of the city by composing regulations and on the other
hand, the citizens who are following culture and cultural elements of their society are
insisting to lead the city's body based on their understanding of urban identity. This
issue has created major problems in process of formation of cities' body and practically
has created large voids in existing situation from the "Utopia".
Today, due to lack of necessary educations and non-thought following of western
approaches and modern patterns, many cities are forming and developing against
original identity of Iranian city. Beyond this, urban spaces and especially historical
urban spaces have great importance due to their role in formation of mental image and
cognitive plan of cities in giving identity to them.
At the present paper, effective indicatives on urban and neighboring identity in Jolfa
neighborhood, located in district 5 of Isfahan Municipality that its formation goes back
to Safavi era is introduced. These indicatives are studied in different environmental,
social, economic, physical and spatial dimensions and their effects on formation and
sustainability of the identity of this neighborhood were analyzed. Information gathering
and analysis done in this regard has been based on case study and adjustment
researches. At the end strategies are provided along with more promotion of these
indicatives in this neighborhood.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32599_ad3b1213f432b56ec24f604c4a989348.pdf
2010-03-01
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Identity
Belongingness
Sense of Place
Collective Memory
Sense of Citizenship
الطای، علی (1382) "بحران هویت قومی در ایران" چاپ اول، تهران، نشر شادگان.
1
بهزادفر، مصطفی (1386) "هویت شهر نگاهی به هویت شهرتهران"چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارات شهر.
2
بیشابور (31 تیر ماه 1387) روزنامه شهرستان (ص3)، سال سوم، شماره 122.
3
پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1385) "مبانی نظری و فرآیند طراحی شهری"چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارات شهیدی.
4
ترکزاده، نغمه (1373) "رویش نو در باغ لاله زار" پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد معماری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
5
توسلی، محمود (1376) "اصول و روشهای طراحی شهری و فضاهای مسکونی در ایران"جلد اول، چاپ چهارم، تهران، مرکز مطالعات و تحقیقات شهرسازی و معماری ایران.
6
چینگ، فرانسیس دی.تی (1370) "معماری: فرم، فضا و نظم" زهره قراگوزلو، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
7
رضازاده، راضیه (1380) "بحران ادرکی رفتاری در فضای شهری" مجله شهرداریها، ویژهنامه شماره ۵، طراحی شهری، سازمان شهرداریهای کشور.
8
فرجامی، محمدرضا (1383) " ابعاد هویت شهری " جلد اول، مجموعه مقالات همایش مسایل شهرسازی، ساخت کالبدی شهر.
9
قاسمی اصفهانی، مروارید (1383) " اهل کجا هستیم؟ هویت بخشی به بافتهای مسکونی"چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارت روزنه.
10
قطبی، علی اکبر (1387) "مفهوم هویت و معماری امروز ایران" ماهنامه آینه خیال (مهروآبان)، ص (87 – 83)، شماره 10.
11
لینچ، کوین (1383) "سیمای شهرچاپ ششم" منوچهر مزینی، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
12
مدنی پور، علی (1379) "طراحی فضای شهری، نگرشی بر فرایند اجتماع و مکانی" فرهاد مرتضایی، تهران، شرکت پردازش و برنامهریزی شهری.
13
مطوف، شریف (1386) "بحران هویت و تشدید آن در زندگی اردوگاهی پس از زلزله بم" مجله باغ نظر (پاییزوزمستان)، سال چهارم شماره هشتم.
14
موثقی، رامین ، آیرملو، سحر (1385)" عناصر هویت فرهنگی در شهر" مرجع مهندسی عمران، اولین همایش بینالمللی شهر برتر طرح برتر، همدان، سازمان عمران و شهرداریهای همدان.
15
میرمقتدایی، مهتا (1383) "معیارهای شناخت و ارزیابی هویت کلبدی شهرها" نشریه هنرهای زیبا (پاییز)، ص (38 - 29) ، شماره 10.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Assessment of Continuous Indicators of Urban Spaces Identity Exposition, Case Study of the Lalehzar Street in Tehran
In the definition of urban identity and its relationship with its elements it is necessary,
pay attention to changes and inevitable historical and social developments. The cause of
the continuous formation and development of the places should be searched in the
cultural and historical changes. These changes will be cause to add the new elements to
a collection or to be removed some elements of it. In This Way, historical component of
places that are derived from cultural developments, to into their identity bases.
In urban studies, identity is considered through its interaction with concept of space, and
also through its role in creates mental space and thus the quality of urban life.
Therefore, the role of cities as centers to promoting the cultural indicators has been
approved because in the public spaces the social interaction occur and maturate. In fact,
a close internal relationship occurs between urban space and cultural identity.
Generally, urban spaces are covered a historical identity during the time. Indicators
which are effective on historical identity explosion have caused a similar functional
effect in the above mentioned space during the time. These indicators cause continuity
of identity in urban spaces so that it is also acceptable to named a historical identity .
On the other hand, today we are faced with some urban spaces which lacking positive
identity or are eligible for a neutral identity .Therefore, regarding each of the urban
spaces may have one or more indicators of identity in the past or already the ability
to offer such functional can be survey in order to identify and index funds to
strengthen their historical identity.
In this article, after defines and readout the concept of identity in urban spaces, the
author is dealing with the effective indicators and continuous in formation of the space
identity of the under investigation and finally the author is dealing with the general
policies to strengthen the identity and the restoration.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32600_395db1d23d0e688fbe651e18c63bd63d.pdf
2010-03-01
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Identity
Continuous Indicators
Urban Spaces
Lalehzar Street
- امینزاده، بهناز و فرامرز، داعینژاد (1381) "ملاحظات محیطی در طراحی و بهسازی خیابانهای شهری" هنرهای زیبا، نشریه علمیپژوهشی دانشکده هنر های زیبا، ص(61 – 50 )، شماره 11.
1
- بحرینی، سیدحسین (1383) " تحلیل فضاهای شهری در رابطه با الگوهای رفتاری استفادهکنندگان و ضوابطی برای طراحی" تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
2
- بهزادفر، مصطفی (1386) " هویت شهر تهران " تهران، نشر شهر.
3
ـ پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1375) "هویت و این همانی با فضا" ص ( 107– 100 )، شماره 21 و22 .
4
- ترکزاده، نغمه (1380) " ظهور و افول لاله زار" ماهنامه شهرداریها، شماره34.
5
- توسلی، محمود (1376) "طراحی شهری در بخش مرکزی تهران" تهران، مرکز مطالعات و تحقیقات معماری و شهرسازی وزارت مسکن و شهرسازی.
6
ـ تیبالدز، فرانسیس (1383) "شهرسازی شهروندگرا" محمد احمدینژاد، اصفهان، نشر خاک.
7
- دهخدا، علیاکبر (1345) "لغتنامه دهخدا" تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
8
- قاسمی اصفهانی، مروارید (1380) "هویت بخشی به بافت های مسکونی"مدیریت شهری: فصلنامه پژوهشی تحلیلی، آموزشی مدیریت و برنامه ریزی شهری، ص (98 – 87)، شماره 8.
9
ـ مدنیپور، علی (1379) " طراحی فضای شهری: نگرشی بر فرایند های اجتماعی ـ مکانی" فرهاد مرتضایی، تهران، شرکت پردازش و برنامهریزی شهری.
10
- میرمقتدایی، مهتا (1383) "معیارهای شناخت و ارزیابی هویت کالبدی شهرها" هنرهای زیبا، نشریه علمیـپژوهشی دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، پاییز، شماره 19.
11
- Altman, I. & Seethe Low (Ed) (1992) "Place Attachment" New York, Plenum Press.
12
- Carmona, M. & Heath, T. & Of, T. & Ties dell, S. (2004) "Public Places, Urban Spaces the Dimensions of Urban Design" U.K, Elsevier.
13
- Caves, R. (2005) "Encyclopedia of the City" London, Rout Ledge.
14
-Ralph، E. (1976) "Place & Place lessens" London, Peon.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ecological Park: Natural-Cultural Ecology
A sustainable approach to visual environments of cities along with sustainable urban
planning is based on three principles, sustainable socio-spatial structure, patterning from
nature, and applying renewable sources of energy, presenting a new position and image
of townscape, in which proper answers to the ecological issues, economical welfare and
public life on a Green (ecological) aesthetics’ basis have been synthesized. Among
these, a planning system to establish parks as a guideline and a pioneer for
comprehensive, multilateral urban planning and green space /greenbelt designing as a
fundamental procedure for park planning and as a part of the cityscape is a joint
between citizens and nature. Man as a citizen has lost his active presence in outdoors
due to rapid industrial, technological advances and has become stranger to nature. In
this way, their emotional and social needs to the environment are under the direct
influence of economical, industrial issues and have got a new form.
Since 1991, introducing a new topic of city parks, called ecological parks, has put a new
challenge on the human-nature relationship and his environment. These new ecological
parks which are very different from the previous picturesque parks are in harmonious
with sustainable cityscape planning rules resulted from a sustainable urban planning.
This paper purposes to have a descriptive survey on the related literature and a
comparative analysis on the successful examples of such ecological parks, handling
what the characteristics of those ecological parks are in reproducing the cultural-natural
identity of a place and reinforcing a sustainable townscape? Does the ‘
ecological’ term
attached to ‘
a sustainable planning’ phrase just mean natural ecology or indeed, it
means a social ecology and or maybe a combination of these two? And along this, to
design eco-oriented, which trend must be considered to follow?
Resulted from these surveys /studies extremely introduce the characteristics of an
ecological park as a combination of a natural scope and a cultural scope through which
public spaces are planned along with an ecological approach. Many factors, including
increasing purposeful social relations along with direct and indirect teaching and
introducing techniques for protecting environment consists basic outlines for a suitable
planning and its functions. Most successful examples of these parks, regarding the spirit
of the matter, have formed in sites which some time a producing-consuming cycle
performed to vitalize it once again. Such endeavor explains a simultaneously serious
attention to natural ecology and cultural ecology to create a dynamic visual and
functional condition for a city and this, itself may, in turn, introduce a technique to
revitalize and renovate forgotten urban ecosystems.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32601_f85a37fc951b5c8227b635a667e9f513.pdf
2010-03-01
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ecology
Green Aesthetics
Eco-Park
Sustainable Urban Landscape
Cultural Ecology
Natural Ecology
- افشار نادری، کامران ( 1387)" معماری و محیط زیست" مجله معمار، شماره 48.
1
- بزرگی، علیرضا زمستان (1383)" تحلیل پیرامون اکوپارک رود کناری" نشریه هنرهای زیبا، شماره 20.
2
- بل، سایمون (1382) "منظرالگو ادراک وفرایند" بهنازامین زاده دانشگاه تهران.
3
- بهبهانی، هما (1377)" از باغ های دیروزی تا پارک های امروزی" شهرداریها، شماره 34.
4
- سلیمانی (1380) " طراحی پارک های ساحلی با تاکید بر نوار ساحلی بوشهر" آبادی، شماره 37.
5
- شیبانی، مهدی (1380)" توسعه همگون پارک وفضای سبزشهری" جلد اول، مجموعه مقالات همایشهای آموزشی وپژوهشی فضای سبزشهرتهران سازمان پارکها وفضای سبز شهرتهران.
6
- قدوسی، مهران( بهمن 79 ) " پارک های شهری دیروز، امروز، فردا " سال دوم ،شهرداریها، شماره 21.
7
- گلکار، کورش (تابستان 87 ) " محیط بصری شهر؛ سیر تحول از رویکرد تزیینی تا رویکرد پایدار" سال پنجم، علوم محیطی شماره چهار.
8
- میکائیلی، علیرضا و زهرا کیا زاده (1386 )"مروری بر تدوین ضوابط طراحی اکو پارک" سومین همایش ملی فضای سبز و منظرشهری جزیره کیش.
9
- Bray, Paul M (2004)" Rethinking Urban Parks "Places, Vole 16, No.2.
10
- Lynne, John T (1994)" Regenerative Design for Sustainable Development "New York, John Wiley Press.
11
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of the Structural and Formal Systems in Iranian Landscape Architecture
Nature is the source and a symbol of existence. It is a sacred being in which all the
organs are in order and balance. In gardens, our relation with the nature is in extreme.
Meanwhile, Iranian landscape architecture and the gardens particularly crystallize the
mystical balance of the world. This landscape design is in fact an old primary pattern to
provide the human being with his complicated wills.
It reflects the hidden aspects of an unvisual splendor which ends in peaces and
complacency.
The scope of this article is to analyze the structural and formal systems in Iranian
landscape architecture in order to achieve a better understanding of the relationships
between the ethical concepts and the formation of the Persian green space design.
Herein, the ethical believes of the main two religions of Iran (Zoroaster and Islam) are
of a greater importance. Considering these relations between the ethics and architectural
design could indeed increase the quality of sensible green spaces in the context of
Islamic cities.
The research method of this article is analytical and descriptive. The contents rely
heavily on three bases: 1) the information provided by observational methods during
several inspections of the old Persian gardens before and after Islam (as a part of the
authors` field work) 2) The consultancy of leading experts on landscape design and
Iranian ethical architecture specialists from the University of Tarbiat Modares in
Tehran. 3) Historical documents and travel accounts concerning the traditional design
techniques and the architectural heritage of the Iranian region.
The results show that the affection from different ethical concepts could increase the
quality of design conformed to the country`s religious thoughts. And this could indeed
provide a better condition for the survival of our landscape design.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32602_0e15a84cdfeffce297e36db1915929db.pdf
2010-03-01
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Structural System
Iranian Landscape
Persian garden
Ethics
- ابوالقاسمی، لطیف (1381)" باغ ایرانی، شهرداری تهران"سازمان پارکها و فضای سبز شهر تهران.
1
- بل، سایمون (1381)" منظر، الگو، ادراک و فرآیند" بهناز امین زاده، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
2
- پیرنیا، محمدکریم (1383)" سبک شناسی معماری ایرانی" تدوین: دکتر غلامحسین معماریان، تهران، نشر معمار.
3
- جامع حسینی، اشرف الدین (1387)" باغ بهشت" تهران، انتشارات رجبی.
4
- جلالی تهرانی، سعیده (1381) " فضای شناخت و برگزاری مراسم ادیان" پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشگاه آزاد تهران.
5
- حکمتی، جمشید (1381)" طراحیباغوپارک" تهران، انتشارات فرهنگ.
6
- حیدری، فاطمه و ایرانی بهبهانی، هما (1387)" باغ ایرانی" تهران، انتشارات همشهری.
7
- خسروی، بهمرد (1371)" طرح مجتمع فرهنگی مذهبی زرتشتیان" تهران (آدریان بزرگ)، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد معماری.
8
- سلطان زاده، حسین (1378)" تداوم طراحی باغ ایرانی در تاج محل" تهران، دفتر پژوهشهای فرهنگی.
9
- عبدالله دفاع، علی (1386)" مشاهیر گیاه شناسی در تمدن اسلامی" فرزانه غفاری، تهران، انتشارات سمت.
10
- گدار، آندره (1345)" هنر ایران" ویراستار: بهروز حبیبی، تهران، دانشگاه ملی ایران.
11
- متحدین، حبیباله (1374)" باغ ایرانی" پایان نامه دوره کارشناسی ارشد معماری منظر، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
12
- موزه هنرهای معاصر (1383)" باغ ایرانی: حکمت کهن، منظر جدید" تهران، انتشارات وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاداسلامی، موسسه هنرهای تجسمی.
13
- نعیما، غلامرضا (1385)" باغهای ایران : که ایران چو باغیست خرم بهار" تهران، پیام.
14
-Alexander Clouston, William (2007) " Flowers from a Persian Garden and Other Papers" BiblioBazaar, LIC, Charleston, USA, 22.
15
-Hobhouse, Penelope, Hunningher, Erica & Harpur, Jerry (2004) "Gardens of Persia" USA, Kales Press.
16
-Johnson, James, Sydney Johnson, James, Links, Julian A (1929) " The Persian Garden, Il lustrated by Julian A. links " England, Windsor Press.
17
- Khansari Mehdi (1998) " the Persion Garden: Echoes of Paradise " Washington, DC.
18
-Wilber, Donald Newton (1979) " Persian Gardens and Garden Pavilions " UK, Dumbarton Oaks.
19
-Wilber, Donald Newton, Ackerman, Phyllis (1940) " The Persian Garden " Tehran, The Iranian institute.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Making Desirability in Pedestrian Way's Urban Scape
The presence of pedestrians in urban spaces creates social life and character. Walking
on foot is the oldest, most normal and the most essential shape of human move and
walking is still the most important possibility for visiting places, activities and feeling
the motion and emotion of life, to find out the values and hidden attractions in the
environment.
Walking has major important in the perception of space identification, feeling of
belonging to the environment and conceiving qualities of environment.
Today, the number of pedestrians has decreased because most people do not use
walkways. They instead use motorcars as an alternative to commute and, since
motorcars play the major role in transportation systems, everything in our cities are built
depend on car’s speed, ( quantities to qualities ) and pedestrians and their needs are
ignored as major members of city maker. So Urban planners and designers endeavor to
find out the best way to eliminate roadway and convert to walkway, in order to recreate
this livelihood to the city center. It becomes necessary to have this urban character that
able to attract people to use pedestrian walkways as an indication to successful urban
place.
Pedestrian ways that are rebuilt after years, because of decrease of the people’s safety
and people’s need to walk, are the major part of urban spaces , where provide for all
people, possibility of interrelation, walking, spending times of leisure, playing,
shopping, gathering and manifesting, meeting, sitting, looking at, accessing, travelling,
advertising, informing and … .
One of the forgotten issues that is the important problem in our cities is no attention to
the urban scape in the pedestrian ways.
Urban scape is the sensible environment that effect on people’s behavior and its results.
A degree of affect of environment on people, depends on degree of human’s perception
that itself depends on preparedness of visitor for perception, perceptual capacity and
situation of environment of perception.
In this study, it’s tried to present some strategies to improve the pedestrian way's urban
scape. To achieve these strategies, the descriptive-analytical method is used.
For that, major theorists are Symon Bell, Jahanshah Pakzad, Gorden Cohlen and
Koorosh Golkar and so on.
It is important to know that because of circumstances of the research, it’s focused on
form factors but it is necessary to attention to other factors too. Because they have
important role in making desirability of urban scape.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32603_6d41c1959b13525f3002d62bf940bd0e.pdf
2010-03-01
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Pedestrian Way
Urban Scape
Desirability Indicators
- بل، سایمون (1387) "عناصر طراحی بصری در منظر" انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
1
- پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1385)" مبانی نظری و فرآیند طراحی شهری" چاپ اول، انتشارات شهیدی.
2
- پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1386) "راهنمای طراحی فضاهای شهری در ایران" چاپ سوم، انتشارات شهیدی.
3
- ترکزاده، نغمه (1377)" فضای شهری، عناصر و معیارها" پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد طراحی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
4
- تیبالدز، فرانسیس و حسن علی لقایی (1387)" شهرهای انسان محور" چاپ دوم، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
5
- جدلی، فیروزه (1382) "پیاده راه، تحکیم رابطه انسان و محیط شهری" پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری دانشگاه تهران.
6
- حبیب، فرح (1385) "طراحی منظر شهر در گذر تاریخ " مجله آبادی، شماره 53.
7
- دستجردی، معصومه سادات (1384) "پیاده راه سازی باغ سپهسالار" پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، دانشگاه تهران.
8
- رحمانی، سارا (1384) "ساماندهی منظر خیابان" پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد معماری منظر، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
9
- کالن،گوردن و منوچهرطبیبان (1377) "گزیده منظر شهری" انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
10
- گلکار،کوروش (1385) "مفهوم منظر شهری" مجله آبادی شماره 53.
11
- لینچ، کوین و منوچهر مزینی (1381) "سیمای شهر" انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
12
- منتظر الحجه، محمود (1386) "خیابان به مثابه عرصه عمومی و فضای شهری مطلوب با تکیه بر اولویت حرکت پیاده" پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد طراحی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Architecture and the Cinema the Identity Establishing Complementary Elements of Space and Place
Architecture and the cinema are series of arts and techniques combined by talented
architects and filmmakers. Sharing common elements (including the scene, the
atmosphere, light and view), they both deal with the creation of sense of life and adhere
to common principles as well. Regarding that the scene, color, light and contrast provide
spectators with different impressions; architecture is considered as a key element to set
up balance and harmony in graphic composition of the shots. Visual spaces are
substantial means to reflect the main idea in a film. The visual components of a building
such as color, surface, line, point and etc, serve as the graphic elements of the
background and thus present the directors theme and contribute to the creation of sense
of place and identity. Urban spaces and architecture could represent the historical period
as well as cultural and historical situation in a film. In this article we set out to discuss
the mutual relation of architecture and cinema as a complementary couple and study
their collaborative roles in establishing the identity of urban spaces and places.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32604_3d6cf76fc47aea4c705e88c82a5dd1c7.pdf
2010-03-01
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Architecture
Cinema
Place
Identity
Urban Space
- ابی زاده، ا، و وحیده باقری ( 1387)" نقش هنر سینما در خدمت شهر مجازی برای کلان شهرهایایران"مجموعه مقالات دومین همایش سینما و معماری، تهران، فرهنگستان هنر.
1
- استم، ر ( 1383)" مقدمه ای بر نظریه فیلم" گروه مترجمان به کوشش احسان نوروزی، تهران، نشرمهر.
2
- پناهی، س (1383) "برسی تاثیر معماری بر سینمای اکسپرسیونیست"فصلنامه معماری و فرهنگ، تهران، سال پنجم، شماره17.
3
- پنز، ف، و م، تامس (1381) "معماری و سینما" شهرام جعفری نژاد، تهران، سروش.
4
- بوردل، د، و کریستین، تامسون (1383)" هنر سینما" فتاح محمدی، چاپ سوم، تهران، نشر مرکز.
5
- رحیمیان، م ( 1383) "سینما: معماری در حرکت" تهران، انتشارات سروش.
6
- گیدئین، ز( 1365)" فضا، زمان و معماری" منوچهر مزینی، تهران، شرکت انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
7
- لوتمن، ی (1370)" نشانه شناسی سینما" مسعود اوحدی، تهران، انتشارات سروش.
8
- مانستربرگ،ب و همکاران(1376 )" نظریه های نشانه شناسی فیلم" تهران، انتشارات بنیاد سینمایی فارابی.
9
- مختاباد امرئی، س.م و س، پناهی (1386)" بررسی و تحلیل نفش معماری داخلی در تجلی معنا در فیلم های علمی تخیلی" فصلنامه هنرهای زیبا، شماره30.
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Study of Sustainable Architecture in Desert Cities
Miss attention to Sustainability basic of Iranian traditional architecture and various
effective impacts on it, has caused a declined and unsustainable body of urban fabric be
remained. Undoubted technological advances are necessities which are not deniable, but
this factor shouldn’t endanger our values in environmental sustainability Context – Base
on these forgotten strategies in sustainable residential environment should be recognized
and by upgrading them and considering present technologies, they can be used in
sustainable building design.
Up to now, architects have parallels to other scientist been trying to find new strategies
for providing a sustainable life for human beings. It is obvious that life, work,
recreation, rest and … all are activities which have been handled by architect in
designing spaces. Because the direct impact of building strength and weaknesses on
earth system, there has been a massive duty on architecture's shoulder.
Applying sustainability concept in architecture has opened new debate named,
Sustainable Architecture, Ecological Architecture, Green Architecture and
Environmental Architecture, which all have got the same meaning and refer to
architecture compatible to environment.
By concluding mentioned ideas it can be declared that sustainable design is one of the
most important contemporary streams which can be taken into account as a logical
response and reflex to industrial age problems. Sustainable architecture such as other
architectural issues has got its own specific principles, which can be defined in 3 stages:
1- Saving recourses.
2- Design as a tool to get back to life cycle.
3- Design for human.
Which all the above have got their strategies.
Studying desert cities of Iran, such as Yazd, Kerman and Kashan shows that physical
characteristic of historical and traditional part of cities is adoptable to recent scientific
findings. Besides, mentioned environmental coordination, is a product of a long process
of trial and errors which have been done during the time in designing and building the
urban fabric.
Considering that the Iranian traditional architecture. In desert areas has got a strong
background, full of various aspect of sustainability, studying these characteristic can be
taken in to account in planning and designing nowadays. Therefore, in this article, by
studying traditional architecture from sustainability point of view and by considering
positive and adoptable aspects of present life style and by applying new technologies in
designing residential environmental, an opportunity is provided to keep on design more
sustainable.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32605_301ad17b296191adb9419e5da10d9600.pdf
2010-03-01
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Sustainable Architecture
sustainable development
Traditional Architecture in Desert Cities
پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1386) " اصول بافت شهرهای سنتی ایران" مقالاتی در باب مفاهیم معماری و طراحی شهری، ص 78-69، تهران، انتشارات شهیدی.
1
پاکزاد، جهانشاه (1386) "واحد همسایگی" مقالاتی در باب مفاهیم معماری و طراحی شهری، ص 8-1، تهران، انتشارات شهیدی.
2
توسلی، محمود (1381) "ساخت شهر و معماری در اقلیم گرم و خشک ایران" تهران: انتشارات پیام و پیوند نو.
3
سفلایی، فرزانه (1383) "کنکاشی پیرامون مفاهیم و تجارب معماری پایدار آبادی" فصلنامه شهرسازی و معماری، ص67-62 ، شماره 42.
4
قبادیان، وحید (1382) "بررسی اقلیمی ابنیه سنتی ایران چاپ دوم" تهران، موسسه انتشارات و چاپ دانشگاه تهران.
5
گلکار، کورش (1379) "طراحی شهری پایدار در شهرهای حاشیهی کویری" هنرهای زیبا، ص52-43، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، شماره 8.
6
-Golan, G. (1995) "Ethics and Urban Design" New York, John Wiley @ Sons.
7
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Comparative Study of Hasan Esmaeilzade Paintings with Ashura Subject with Maqtal Rozat-Al-Shohada Context
This article is a comparative study about the relationship between content of "Rozat-
Al-Shohada" and depicted stories of "Qahve-Khaneh" paintings of Ashura.
In Qahve-Khaneh paintings, so many stories are observable just on one painting canvas,
when there is not exact information about origins of many of them. It seems that
possibility of sources of these stories is something ranked between historic events,
elegies and lamentations, sermons, taziahs and superstitions.
It is presumable that one of the most important sources of these depicted stories are
"Maqtals"-historic books about how on "Ashura" day "Imam Husain" and his loyal
friends martyred in "Karbala"- and one of the most famous and popular maqtals
between people is Rozat-Al-Shohada written by "Molla Husain Kashefi".
Having wealthy literary prose and combining incidents with some details more than
historic stories caused prevalence of Rozat-Al-Shohada in the latest ten century- anno
hegirae- and after it as this book affected sermon rites and Taziahs and religious
paintings after it; whereas, it s historic credit is criticized by most of the researchers.
This article studies some of paintings drawn by "Hasan Ismaelzadeh" - one of the most
famous painters of Qahve-Khane painting style- which declare Ashura incident as case
study according to content of rozat-Al-Shohada to clarify how much these stories are
affected by the book .In the next step how much rozat-Al-Shohada s stories are right
historically is probed." hemaseye Hosayni" and "Lolo va Marjan" are two books
written by "Morteza Motahari" and "Mohades Noori" about falsifications and
permutations of Ashura incident and "Nafas-Al-Mahmoom" and "Lohoof" written by
"Abbas Qomi" and "Ibn Tavoos" are two maghtals described this epoch mostly right
historically, according to most researcher s idea, are the books that are used to distinct
real historic stories from the others
.
This article clarifies although Qahvekhaneh painters were strongly affected by Rozat-
Al-Shohada , the influence of the other Maqtals and also stories and legends about
Karbala incident which are popular between people are not ignorable. Painters often
preferred stories that impressed themselves and their addresses emotionally no matter
how much historically they are right.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32606_42b0f1be50bd1988dbf637f973c24f48.pdf
2010-03-01
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Qahvekhaneh Painting
Maqtal
Rozat-Al-Shohada
Ashura
Hasan Ismaelzadeh
Historic Falsification
الگار، حامد (1385) "مطالعاتی دربارهی دین در عهد صفوی" ج اول، مجموعه مقالات اصفهان در مطالعات ایرانی ، به کوشش رناتاهولود، مترجم: محمد تقی فرامرزی، اصفهان.
1
الهی، محبوبه ( 1377)" تجلی عاشورا در هنر ایران" چاپ اول، مشهد، بنیاد پژوهش های اسلامی آستان قدس رضوی.
2
پاکباز، رویین (1383) " نقاشی ایران از دیرباز تا امروز" چاپ سوم، تهران، انتشارات زرین.
3
پاکباز، رویین (1383)" دایره المعارف هنر" چاپ چهارم، تهران، انتشارات وزارت فرهنگ ارشاد اسلامی.
4
جعفریان، رسول (1377)" تاریخ تشیع در ایران از آغاز تا قرن هفتم هجری" چاپ پنجم، تهران، انتشارات شرکت چاپ و نشر سازمان اسلامی.
5
جعفریان، رسول (1381) "تاملی در نهضت عاشورا" قم، انتشارات انصاریان.
6
خزایی، محمد و محسن طبسی (پاییز و زمستان1383) "صورت و معنا در نقاشی قهوه خانه" کاشیکاری با موضوع عاشورا، دو فصلنامه هنر اسلامی، سال اول، شماره اول.
7
رجبی، محمد علی (پاییز و زمستان1384)"مکتب خیالی نگاری" تهران، گلستان هنر.
8
رجبی، محمد علی و چلیپا، کاظم (1385)"حسن اسماعیل زاده نقاش مکتب قهوه خانه ای" تهران، چاپ و نشر نظر.
9
سید ابن طاووس (1385) "لهوف " محمد اسکندری، چاپ دوم، تهران، انتشارات آرام دل.
10
سید صدر، سید ابوالقاسم (1383) "دائره المعارف هنر" تهران، انتشارات سیمای دانش.
11
شایستهفر، مهناز (زمستان1386) "حضور واقعه عاشورا در نقاشی دوران قاجار" فصلنامه نگره، شماره 5.
12
شریف زاده، سیدعبدالمجید (1375) " تاریخ نگارگری در ایران" تهران، انتشارت حوزه هنری.
13
شمیل، آن ماری (1385) "حلیه الاولیاء: اوضاع دینی ایران در روزگار پیش از صفویه " جلد اول، مجموعه مقالات اصفهان در مطالعات ایرانی، به کوشش رناتاهولود، مترجم: محمدتقی فرامرزی، اصفهان.
14
صاحبی، محمد جواد (1375) "سیر مقتل نگاری" مجموعه مقالات کنگره بینالمللی امام خمینی فرهنگ عاشورا، دفتر دوم، تهران، انتشارات موسسه تنظیم و نشر آثار امام خمینی.
15
صالحی نجف آبادی، نعمت الله (1386)" نگاهی به حماسه حسینی" تهران، نشر کویر.
16
فقیهی، علی اصغر (1381)"تاریخ آل بویه" چاپ دوم، تهران، انتشارات سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاهی (سمت).
17
قمی، عباس (1387) " نفس المهموم" میرزا ابوالحسن شعرانی، تهران، انتشارات نگاران قلم.
18
کاشفی، ملاحسین (1379)"روضه الشهدا" به تصحیح و حواشی ابو الحسن شعرانی، چاپ پنجم، تهران، نشر اسلامیه.
19
مطهری، مرتضی (1378)" حماسه حسینی" ج 2، چاپ بیست و ششم، تهران، انتشارات صدرا.
20
ملک پور، جمشید (1366)" سیر تحول مضامین درشبیه خوانی" تهران، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی.
21
ناژفر، رحیم (1366) " نگارگری مذهبی در ایران روزنهای در باغ بهشت" تنظیم و نقد از رجبعلی مظلومی، تهران، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی.
22
نوری، میرزا حسین (1371) " لولو و مرجان" قم، انتشارات طباطبایی.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PPS
مرکز "طرحریزی برای فضاهای همگانی" (pps[1]) یک سازمان غیرانتفاعی است که هدف اصلی آن کمک به مردم و حمایت از فضاهای همگانی است که موجب ارتقای سطح کیفی جوامع میشود. این سازمان در سال 1975 پایهگذاری شده و امروزه تبدیل به یک مرکز بینالمللی شناخته شده، در ارتباط با بهترین تجربیات، اطلاعات و منابع در مورد "مکانسازی"2 شده است.
این سازمان معتقد است که با استفاده از کادر علمی و سایر همکارانش میتواند برنامهای تنظیم کند که موجب ارتقای کیفی انواع فضاهای همگانی مانند پارکها، پایانهها، مراکز مدنی، بازارها، مراکز شهری، کمپها، میادین، کنارههای ساحلی و ... گردد.
به طور کلی رویکرد اصلی این سازمان این است که فضاهای همگانی سرزنده و مردممداری ایجاد کند تا مردم به راحتی در آنها به تعاملات اجتماعی بپردازند و پیش از آنکه هر طرحی برای کالبد فضا داده شود، ترتیبی اتخاذ شود که زمینههای حضور مردم فراهم شود. این سازمان به دنبال طراحی پروژههایی است که طرح آن منعکس کننده و پاسخگوی نیازها و خواستهای جوامع محلی باشد.
در سایت این نهاد میتوان با پروژههای طراحی شده توسط این مرکز آشنا شد. از طرفی این مرکز پذیرای افرادی است که تمایل به همکاری با آن را دارند.
چشمانداز این سازمان این است که به عنوان قطب مرکزی "جنبش جهانی مکانسازی" ایدههای مردم، محققان و کسانی که مشتاق سرزنده نمودن فضاهای همگانی هستند را محقق سازد.
از نظر این ارگان کسانی که در امر مکانسازی اشتغال دارند باید با روششناسی منحصر به فرد PPS آشنا باشند. بر این اساس مجموعهای از تجربیات خود را از طریق سایت در اختیار کاربران قرار دادهاند و افراد با عضویت در این گروه امکان استفاده از همهی آنها را خواهند داشت.
مراجعه به این سایت و بازدید از پروژههای این گروه به همهی طراحان شهری توصیه میشود.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_32609_1624ad8b2e619363f94d96e334539d3b.pdf
2010-03-01
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1-http: // www. pps.org
1
2- Project for Public Spaces
2