بررسی آثار کالبدی شکل‌گیری خانه‌های دوم بر منطقه گردشگری سرعین از دیدگاه ذی‌نفعان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایرا

3 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

گردشگری و توسعه روزافزون آن و همچنین ایجاد خانه‌های دوم متأثر از حضور گردشگر در مناطق گردشگری با توجه به اثراتی که از خود در جامعه میزبان به جای می‌گذارد موضوعی حائز اهمیت است. خانه‌های دوم و گسترش آن‌ها بی‌شک مزایا و معایبی را با خود به همراه دارد. شهر سرعین استان اردبیل به برکت وجود چشمه‌های آب گرم، در چند سال اخیر شاهد توسعه کالبدی چشمگیر و به تبع آن، پیدایش و گسترش خانه‌های دوم است. لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثرات کالبدی حاصل از پیدایش و گسترش خانه‌های دوم از دیدگاه ذی‌نفعان (گردشگران، جامعه محلی و متصدیان گردشگری) در منطقه گردشگری سرعین می‌باشد. اثرات کالبدی حاصل از ایجاد خانه‌های دوم برگرفته از اطلاعات حاصل از بخش مبانی نظری پژوهش جمع‌بندی و در قالب پرسشنامه‌ای محقق ساخته که اعتبار آن با فرمول آلفای کرونباخ  (82/0 = α) محاسبه شده تنظیم و در اختیار پرسش شوندگان قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری به کمک فرمول کوکران 577 نفر در سه گروه ذی‌نفعان محاسبه شده است. برای تحلیل اطلاعات حاصل از پرسشنامه‌ها از نرم افزار SPSS، برای آزمون فرضیه، از آماره‌های تی تست تک نمونه‌ای استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل حاکی از آن است که هر سه گروه ذی‌نفعان با بهبود شرایط کالبدی به‌طور کلی موافق هستند. در بررسی ریزفاکتورهای ارائه شده عواملی چون افزایش امکانات و خدمات، بهبود امکانات اداری، ایجاد ساختمان‌هایی با مصالح جدید، بهبود راه‌های ارتباطی، توجه بیشتر مدیران به توسعه و عمران، تسریع پروژه‌های عمرانی به واسطه کمک مالی گردشگران، فراهم کردن زمینه‌های توسعه در منطقه در دراز‌مدت و غیره از جمله اثرات مثبت کالبدی حاصل از حضور خانه‌های دوم می‌باشد؛ از طرفی اثرات منفی همچون افزایش هزینه‌های ساخت، ایجاد سبک معماری متفاوت با سبک معماری منطقه نیز از منظر ذی‌نفعان مطرح شده است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Study on Physical Effects of Formation of Second Homes on Sarein Tourist Area from the Stakeholders’ points of view

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tohid Hatami khanghahi 1
  • Vahid Vaziri 2
  • Mahsa Taghizadeh Hir 3
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Tourism and its fast development as well as the creation of the second homes as a result of the presence of tourists in the tourist areas are an important matter regarding the effects they have on the host community. The second homes and their expansion has advantages and disadvantages. Sarein City in Ardabil Province, due to the existence of the hot springs, has undergone remarkable physical development and thereby, the creation and expansion of the second homes. The current study aims to investigate the physical effects of the creation and expansion of second homes from stakeholders’ (the tourists, the local community, and the tourism officers) points of view in Sarein tourist area. The physical effects of the second homes extracted from the theoretical foundations of the study are summarized and a researcher-made questionnaire is developed. The validity of the questionnaire is calculated by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.82). The statistical population is estimated 577 persons in three groups of stakeholders, using the Cochran formula. The SPSS software is used to analyze the data collected from the questionnaires and the one-sample t-test is used to test hypotheses. The results indicate that all three groups of stakeholders generally agree with the improvement in physical conditions. Investigating the micro-factors, the factors such as increasing facilities and services, improving administrative facilities, constructing buildings with new materials, improving communication channels, more attention of managers to development and construction, accelerating construction projects through tourists’ financial assistance, providing development opportunities in the region in the long run, etc. are among the positive physical effects of the second homes. On the other hand, the increase in the building costs and the creation of an architectural style different from the indigenous architecture is among the negative effects from the  stakeholders’ points of view

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Second homes
  • Tourist
  • Sarein
  • Physical effects
  • Stakeholders

مراجع

Aligholizadeh Firoozjaie, N., Badri, S.A., & Faraji Sabokbar, H. (2007). Attitudes of Iranian Host Communities towards the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Rural Areas: A Case Study of the Central Part of Noushahr County. Village and Development, 10(1), 1-22. http://rvt.agri-peri.ac.ir/article_59313.html
Aligholizadeh Firozjaie, N., & Ghanbarzadeh Ashari, A. (2016). Assessment of Rural Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in the Villages of Forest Regions and Their Effective Factors. Tourism Planning and Development, 4(15), 170-188. http://tourismpd.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_1192.html
Anabestani, A. (2010). Physical Impacts of Second Homes in the Development of Rural Dwellings in Iran: A Case Study of Rural Summer Resorts of Mashhad County. Villages and Development, 12(4), 149- 166. https://www.sid.ir/En/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=177596 
Anabestani, A., & Khoshchehre, M.J. (2015). The Survey of Social Consequences due to Presence of Second Home Tourism on Rural Settlements of Binalud County. Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal, 5(15), 109-128. http://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_10094.html
Dadvarkhan, F., Zamani, H., Ghadiri Masum, M., & Asheri, S. (2013). The Analysis of Second Home Tourism Development on Physical Changes in Rural Areas; Case Study: Baraghan Rural District of Savojbolagh Township.Housing and Rural Environment, 4(2), 277-299. https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/article_35646.html
Dadvarkhani, F., & Larijani, F. (2013). Comparative Analysis of Attitudes of rural Communities about the Physical Effects of Second Homes Tourism in the Rural Area. (Case Study: Babol District in North of IranAbstract). Housing and Rural Environment, 31(140), 83-100. http://jhre.ir/article-1-551-fa.html
Dykes, S., & Walmasley, A. (2015). The Reluctant Tourist? An Exploration of Second Home Owners Preceptions of Their Impacts on North Crnwall, UK. European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, 6(2), 95-116. http://www.ejthr.com/ficheiros/2015/Volume6/EJTHR_Vol6_2_Art5.pdf 
Ezadi, H., & Solhjoo, M. (2018). Investigating the Causes and Consequences of the Formation of Second Homes in Suburbs of Metropolises, Case Study: Mashhad. Journal of Rural Planning, 8(31), 129-152. http://jzpm.miau.ac.ir/?_action=article&au=1348&_au=h++e 
Farahani, H., & Manoochehri, S. (2015). Identification of Obstacles and Problems of Tourism Development in Rural Areas of Tourism Goal in the West of Marivan County. Journal of Research & Rural Planning, 4(9), 161-172. https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v4i9.35823
Farajirad, A., & Aghajani, S. (2010). New Analyses about Tourism and the Types of its Classification, Territory (Sarzamin), 6(23), 61-72. http://sarzamin.srbiau.ac.ir/article_5428.html 
Firoznia, Gh., Eftekhari, A.R., & Valikhani, M. (2012). Study Outcomes Develop Second Home in Rural Areas, Case Study: Rural Districts Tarroud of Damavand County. Geography, 9(31), 149-170. https://www.sid.ir/En/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=242829
Gallent, N., Shucksmith, M., & Tewdwr-Jones, M. (Eds.). (2018). Housing in the European Countryside: Rural Pressure and Policy in Western Europe, Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/9781315201979
Hall, M., & Muller, D. (2004). Tourism, Mobility and Second Homes, Clevedon, UK: Channel View Publications.
Hogendoorn, G., Mellett, R., & Visser, G. (2005). Second Homes Tourism in Africa: Reflections on the South African Experience. In Urban Forum, Springer Netherlands, 16(2), 12-154. DOI: 10.4324/9781351300483-9
Inkson, K., Gunaz, H., Ganesh, S., & Roper, J. (2012). Boundaryless Careers: Bringing Back Boundaries, See Discussions. Organization Studies, 3(33), 324-340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840611435600
Johnston, R.J. (1988). Dictionary of Human Geography. 7th edition.
Khoshfar, Gh., Abdollahpour, M., & Karimzadeh, S. (2012). The Influence of Second Home Tourism on Social Capital; Case study: Siyavaraz and Lirehsar Villages in Tonekabon, Iran. Tourism Planning and Development, 1(2), 131-152. http://tourismpd.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_307.html
Litvin, S.W., Xu, G., Ferguson, A.C., & Smith, W.W. (2013). Too Attractive for its Own Good? South of Broad, Second/ Vacation- Homes and Resident Attitudes”. Elsevier. Tourism Management Prespectives, 7, 89-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2013.04.003
Mahdavi Hajiloui, M., Ghadiri Masoum, M., & Sanaei. M. (2008). The Role and Impact of Secondary Houses on Economical and Social Structure of Kelardasht. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 40(65), 19-31. https://www.sid.ir/En/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=138103 
Rezvani, M., Bakhiyani H.R., & Hajari, B. (2013). Analysis of the Physical Effects of Constructing Second Homes on Tourism in Rural Area: A Case Study of Shirkooh District, Yazd Province. Journal of Geographical Research, 1(1), 115-137. http://grd.yazd.ac.ir/article_229_en.html
Rezvani, M.R. (2003). Analysis on The Creation and Spreada of Second Homes in Rural Areas Case Study: Rural Areas of Tehran Province North. Geographical Research Quarterly, 35(45), 59-74. https://www.sid.ir/En/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=5363
Sadeghi, S.k., & Jahanghiri, Kh. (2012). Estimating Health Tourists’ Willingness to Pay; Case of Sarein Springs’ Visitors. Journal of Tourism Management Studies, 7(18), 111-133. http://tms.atu.ac.ir/article_5108_en.html
Sharifian, A., & Aslani, M. (2013). Investigating the Roots of Sustainability in the Indigenous Residential Architecture of the Gilan Plain Area, National Conference on Structures, Roads, Architecture, Chalous, Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch. https://www.civilica.com/Paper-CHALOOSCIVIL01-CHALOOSCIVIL01_087.html.
Taghizadeh. M., & Vaziri, V. (2018). Rural and Second Homes Tourism, First Edition, Jahad daneshghahi Publications. 
Tavalaee, S., Soleimany, M., Jahani, R., & Jahani, E. (2018). The Role of Participation in Sustainable Tourism Industry; Case Study: Sarein, Human Geography Research Quarterly, 49(1), 95-113. https://www.sid.ir/En/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=549202
Urasic, S., Misetic, R., & Misetic, A. (2016). New Prespectives on Sustainable Development of Second Homes in Crotia: Strategic Planning or Proliferation of Building?, Elsevier, Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 216, 80-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.011.
Vepsalainen, M., & Pitkanen, K. (2010). Second Home Countryside. Journal of Roural Studies, 26 (2), 194-204. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2009.07.002
Wong, K.M., & Musa, Gh. (2015). Ghallenges of International Retirees in Second Home Destination: Aphenomenological Analysis, Elsevier, Tourism Management prespectives, 15, 81-90. DOI : 10.1016/j.tmp.2015.03.010.
Zaheri, M., Kargar, N., & Rahimipour, B. (2013). A Research on Second Houses and their Role in Rural Area Land Use Changes; Case Study: Heravi villages, Haj Abdal and Dizaj Leili Khani Located in East Azerbaijan Lighvan Valley, Journal of Geography and Planning, 17(43), 123-144. https://geoplanning.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_8_en.html
Ziayi, M., & Salehinasab, Z. (2009). Typology of Second Homes Tourists and Physical Impact on Rural Areas Case study: Roodbar Ghasran. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY RESEARCH QUARTERLY , 66, 71-84. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=142399
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
دوره 13، شماره 30
خرداد 1399
صفحه 31-42

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 آبان 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار