بررسی عوامل محیطی مؤثر بر اجتماع‌پذیری و میزان اهمیت آن‌ها، مورد مطالعاتی: محیط آموزش معماری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری معماری، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی و مجتمع فنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رشت، رشت، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی،گرایش تحقیق در عملیات، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

نقش محیط آموزش معماری به‌عنوان الگویی مؤثر در طرحواره ذهنی دانشجویان معماری و در تربیت آنان به‌عنوان معماران حرفه‌ای آینده حائز اهمیت است. با توجه به ماهیت عملی دروس معماری که نیاز به حضور دانشجویان و تعامل آنان به منظور بهبود فرآیند یادگیری دارد، می‌توان این طور تصور کرد که از طریق ایجاد اجتماع‌پذیری به‌عنوان قابلیتی کیفی از محیط آموزش به ارتقاء یادگیری دانشجویان معماری کمک کرد. تحقیق پیش‌رو به بررسی عوامل محیطی تأثیرگذار بر اجتماع‌پذیری در محیط آموزش معماری و ارزیابی روابط میان آن‌ها و اهمیت نسبی هریک می‌پردازد تا از این طریق بتواند الگوهایی را برای طراحی محیط آموزش معماری که ویژگی‌های آن به ارتقاء و تسریع فرآیند یادگیری کمک نماید، ارائه کند. به این منظور سؤال اصلی این است که عوامل مؤثر بر اجتماع‌پذیری در محیط کالبدی آموزش معماری کدامند؟ و روابط بین آن‌ها و وزن نسبی هر یک چگونه است؟ لذا پس از شناخت مفاهیم اولیه، از طریق روش تحلیل منطقی و استدلال قیاسی، مدل پیشنهادی از عوامل مؤثر بر اجتماع‌پذیری پیشنهاد شده است. سپس از طریق روش دلفی فازی، صحت مدل پیشنهادی در محیط آموزش معماری سنجیده شد. در مرحله بعدی، به منظور سنجش روابط میان این عوامل از روش دیماتل فازی استفاده شده و به کمک فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای، میزان اهمیت و وزن هر یک از عوامل سنجش شد. نتایج به دست آمده عوامل مؤثر بر اجتماع‌پذیری در محیط آموزش معماری را به صورت شش دسته کلی نشان داد که عبارت‌اند از: عناصر فیزیکی، عوامل فضایی- معماری، معانی زیباشناختی، احساس امنیت، معنایی- ادراکی و عملکردی- فعالیتی. در بین عوامل اصلی «عناصر فیزیکی» و «عناصر فضایی- معماری» به‌عنوان متغیرهای علّی به‌دست آمدند که دارای قدرت هدایت قوی ولی وابستگی ضعیف در طراحی اجتماع‌پذیری در محیط آموزش معماری هستند. همچنین عامل «عملکردی- فعالیتی» بیش‌ترین وزن و اهمیت را در بین عوامل اصلی کسب کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Environmental Factors Affecting the Sociability and Their Importance; Case Study: Architecture Education Environment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Jafari 1
  • Hamzeh Gholamalizadeh 2
  • Mahmoud Modiri 3
1 Ph.D. of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran.
2 Assistant professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Gilan University, Gilan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Industrial Management, Operation Research Discipline, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The role of the architecture education environment as an influential model in the mental pattern of the architecture students and their education as future professional architects is of significance. According to the practical nature of the architecture lessons that require the students’ presence and their interaction to improve the learning process, it can be supposed that through creating sociability as a qualitative feature of the education environment, the students’ learning can be improved. The current research studies the influential environmental factors on the sociability in the architecture education environment that its features can contribute to improving and facilitating the learning process. Therefore, the main research question is which influential factors affect sociability in the physical environment of architecture education, and what are the relationships between them, and how much is their relative weight? Therefore, after identifying the initial concepts, the suggested model of the influential factors was presented through logical analysis and deductive reasoning. Then, the validity of the recommended model in the architecture education environment was measured using Fuzzy Delphi methods. In the next step, the DEMATEL method was applied to measure the relationships between the factors, and using the Analytic Network Process (ANP), the significance and weight of each one of the factors were evaluated. The obtained results presented six groups of the influential factors on the sociability in the architecture education environment that are as follows: physical elements, architectural-spatial factors, aesthetics meanings, sense of security, perceptual-meaning, and activity-functional. Physical elements and architectural-spatial factors were obtained as causal variables among the main factors that have a strong driving power and weak dependence in the design of the sociability in the architecture education environment. Also, activity-functional factors gained the maximum weight and significance among the main factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sociability
  • Architecture Education Environment
  • Fuzzy Delphi
  • Fuzzy DEMATEL
  • Fuzzy Analytic Network Process
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