رابطه ترجیحات بصری مسافران ایستگاه‌های مترو و طراحی داخلی فضای آن‌ها، مورد مطالعاتی: ایستگاه‌های مترو تبریز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

امروزه سیستم حمل‌و‌نقل عمومی به‌خصوص مترو، در دنیا اهمیت خاصی دارد، هرچند ساخت آن در کشورهای در حال توسعه و ایران جدید بوده که متأسفانه معیارهای خاصی برای ساخت آن‌ها از نظر ساختار فضایی و طراحی وجود ندارد. اخیراً در فرآیند ساخت اکثر ایستگاه‌های مترو، بحث کمیت بیش‌تر از کیفیت در اولویت قرار گرفته و طراحی مناسب و متناسب با آنچه که مردم می‌خواهند از اهمیت پایینی برخوردار بوده است. یکی از اهداف نهایی معماری داخلی ایجاد یک محیط منحصر به‌فرد ساخته دست انسان است. این پژوهش با تکیه بر نظریه پردازش اطلاعات کاپلان که متشکل از چهار متغیر «خوانایی، پیوستگی، پیچیدگی و رمزآلود بودن» است، به شناسایی ترجیحات بصری افراد در فضای داخلی ایستگاه مترو پرداخته است. با استفاده از روش تحقیق کمی- پیمایشی، پرسشنامه‌های تصویری و متنی توسط اعضای نمونه آماری شامل 306 نفر حاضر در شش ایستگاه مترو خط یک تبریز، تکمیل شد و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS رابطه بین متغیرهای تحقیق و عوامل تأثیرگذار بر ترجیحات بصری مسافران مترو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. طبق نتایج به‌دست آمده در رابطه با فضای داخلی ایستگاه‌ها، ساختار فضایی رمزآلود بودن بیش‌ترین و ساختار فضایی پیوستگی کم‌ترین عنوان ترجیحی را در بین چهار ساختار فضایی کسب نمودند. فرم نرم، نورپردازی غیرمستقیم و سرد، ترکیب رنگ خنثی و گرم، ترکیب متریال آجر، چوب و شیشه به‌عنوان مشخصه‌های فیزیکی تأثیرگذار در طراحی ایستگاه‌های مترو شناسایی شدند، در حالی‌که فرم منظم، نورپردازی مستقیم، رنگ‌های روشن و ترکیب متریال سنگ، سرامیک و شیشه از مشخصه‌های فیزیکی با تأثیرگذاری کم در این نوع طراحی هستند. معیارها و الگوهای به‌دست آمده مربوط به طراحی مترو و ساختارهای فضایی می‌تواند به‌عنوان ابزاری در اختیار مدیران، طراحان شهری و سازمان قطار شهری قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Visual Preferences of Passengers in Subway Stations and the Interior Design of Their Space; Case Study: Tabriz Subway Stations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shekoufeh Aghajani 1
  • Habib Shahhosseini 2
1 M.A of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, public transportation system, especially subway, is of particular importance in the world while its construction in the developing countries and Iran has been new, and unfortunately, there are no specific criteria for their construction in terms of spatial structure and design. Recently, in the construction process of most subway stations, quantity has been more considered than the quality, and proper design has been of low importance in accordance with what people want. One of the interior architecture's final purposes is creating a unique man-made environment. The current study identifies people's visual preferences in the interior space of the subway station based on Kaplan’s information processing theory, consisting of legibility, coherence, complexity, and mystery. Using a survey-quantitative research method, the visual and textual questionnaires were completed by the statistical samples, including 306 people in the six stations of Tabriz subway line 1. The relationship between the research variables and the influential factors in the visual preferences of subway passengers was analyzed using SPSS software. According to the obtained results regarding the interior space of the stations, the spatial structure of mystery obtained the maximum preference and the spatial structure of coherence gained the minimum preference among the four spatial configuration. Soft form, indirect and cold lighting, warm and neutral colors combination, the combination of brick, wood, and glass were identified as the influential physical features in the design of the subway stations. However, regular form, direct lighting, bright colors, and a combination of stone, ceramics, and glass were identified as less influential physical features in this design. The obtained criteria and patterns regarding subway design and spatial structures can be applied as a tool by managers, urban designers, and urban railway organization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Subway Stations
  • Information Processing Theory
  • Visual Preferences
  • Spatial Configuration
  • Physical Features
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