ارزیابی تأثیر امنیت بر زیست‌پذیری بافت‌های فرسوده شهری و ارائه راهبردهای ارتقای آن، مورد مطالعاتی: محله انصار شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده شهرسازی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

فرسودگی کالبدی و محتوایی بافت‌های فرسوده، احساس امنیت اجتماعی ساکنان این بافت‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار داده و به کاهش حضورپذیری و تعامل آن‌ها در بافت و به فراخور کاهش زیست‌پذیری و سرزندگی را با خود به همراه داشته است. محله انصار به‌عنوان یکی از بافت‌های فرسوده شهر مشهد امروزه با مشکلات گوناگونی در زمینه امنیت، سرزندگی و حضور افراد در عرصه‌های شهری مواجه شده است. از این‌رو هدف مطالعه حاضر ارزیابی تأثیر امنیت بر زیست‌پذیری بافت‌های فرسوده (محله انصار) با تأکید بر رویکرد CPTED و ارائه راهبردهایی جهت بهبود زیست‌پذیری محدوده مورد مطالعه می‌باشد. روش این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی است و از میان ساکنان محله انصار 370 نفر به‌صورت تصادفی برای تکمیل پرسشنامه‌ها انتخاب شده‌اند. تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری مانند آزمون تی، فریدمن و اسپیرمن در نرم‌افزار SPSS و همچنین تکنیک تحلیل سوات انجام شده است. نتایج مطالعه نشان می‌دهند که مؤلفه‌های زیست‌پذیری و امنیت محله انصار، در شرایط نامطلوبی قرار دارند و از میان شاخص‌های زیست‌پذیری و امنیت، به‌ترتیب شاخص‌های تعامل و ارتباط و تمایل به ‌نظارت مطلوب‌ترین و شاخص‌های رضایت و اعتماد به مدیران و آسایش؛ نامطلوب‌ترین هستند. علاوه‌براین نتایج، همبستگی مثبتی بین امنیت و زیست‌پذیری را نشان می‌دهند. همچنین از میان شاخص‌های امنیت، کیفیت روشنایی و تمایل به نظارت میان ساکنان به ترتیب دارای بیش‌ترین ارتباط با زیست‌پذیری هستند. با توجه به تحلیل‌های انجام شده، جهت‌گیری راهبردی کلی محله انصار به ‌منظور بهبود زیست‌پذیری، از نوع حداقل- حداکثر و از نوع انطباقی است. ساماندهی نظام کاربری‌ها و فضاهای بازعمومی جهت ایجاد سرزندگی و ایمنی، تقویت مراکز گردهمایی و تجمع در محله از جمله راهبردهای شناسایی شده جهت افزایش زیست‌پذیری با تأکید بر امنیت در محله انصار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Impacts of Security on Livability of Urban Distressed Textures and Provision of Strategies to Improve It; Case Study: Ansar Neighborhood, Mashhad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Nourian 1
  • Seyed Sajjad Abdollahpour 2
  • Reza Ghazi 3
  • Mohammad Ghazaei 4
1 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Urban Planning, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 M.A. of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Art, Tehran, Iran.
3 M.A. of Urban Planning, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Ph.D. Candidate of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Physical and content deterioration of the distressed textures affect the residents’ sense of social security in these textures and reduce their presence and interaction in the texture, resulting in the reduction of livability and vitality. As one of the distressed textures of Mashhad, Ansar Neighborhood has faced various issues regarding security, vitality, and people’s presence in urban areas. Therefore, the current study aims to assess the impact of security on the livability of distressed textures (Ansar Neighborhood) with an emphasis on the CPTED approach and to provide the Strategis to improve the livability of the studied area. This study is analytical-descriptive research. 370 people are randomly selected from the residents of the Ansar Neighborhood to fill out the questionnaires. Data analysis is conducted using statistical tests, such as t-test, Friedman’s test, Spearman’s rank test in SPSS, and SWOT analysis. The research results indicate that the livability and security of the Ansar Neighborhood are not desirable. Among the livability and security indices, interaction, relationship, and tendency to surveillance are the most desirable indices, and satisfaction, trust in managers, and comfort, respectively, are the most undesirable ones. The results also show a positive correlation between security and livability. Among the security indices, lighting quality and residents’ tendency to surveillance, respectively, have the highest relationship with livability. Based on the conducted analyses, the general strategic orientation of the Ansar neighborhood to improve the livability is of minimum-maximum and adaptive. Organizing the land use system and public open spaces to create vitality and security, and improving the meeting and gathering centers in the neighborhood are the identified solutions to increase the livability with an emphasis on security in Ansar Neighborhood.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Livability
  • Security
  • Distressed Texture
  • CPTED Approach
  • Ansar Neighborhood of Mashhad

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معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
دوره 13، شماره 33
اسفند 1399
صفحه 281-298

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 مهر 1397

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