تحلیل فضاهای شهری بر اساس اصل تعادل در اندیشه اسلامی با در نظر گرفتن نقش کاربری زمین در تأمین نیازهای انسانی، مورد مطالعاتی: شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیارگروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از اصول بنیادین در شهر اسلامی، اصل تعادل است. در اندیشه اسلامی در ارتباط با نیازهای انسان در محیط شهری، اصل تعادل به پاسخگویی متناسب و متوازن نیازهای انسانی در ساحت‌های مختلف حیات وی توجه نشان می‌دهد. بررسی مطالعات موجود نشان می‌دهد، کم‌تر به مفهوم تعادل در مقیاس فضاهای شهری و تحقق آن از طریق پرداختن به کاربری‌ زمین و در نظر گرفتن ساحت‌های مختلف حیات انسانی پرداخته شده است. تحقیق به دنبال آن است تا به این سؤال بپردازد که چگونه کاربری زمین در فضاهای شهری می‌تواند به کیفیت تعادل در تأمین نیازهای ساحت‌های مختلف حیات انسانی پاسخ‌گویی نماید. پس از مرور مبانی نظری مرتبط با تحقیق، در سه ساحت مادی (نیازهای فیزیولوژیک)، نفسانی (نیازهای روانی) و روحانی (نیازهای معنوی) حیات انسان، در مجموع شش معیار و 13 زیرمعیار جهت سنجش مفهوم تعادل انتخاب شد. برای بررسی نمونه مطالعاتی، چهار فضای شهری متفاوت از دوره‌های مختلف توسعه کالبدی در شهر مشهد انتخاب شد. روش تحقیق پیمایشی به همراه تحلیلهای آماری است. به این منظور تعداد 240 پرسشنامه در فضاهای شهری منتخب توزیع شد. نتایج به‌دست آمده به کمک روش‌های آماری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش بیانگر آن است که بر اساس نظرات پاسخدهندگان، در همه نمونه‌های مطالعاتی، نحوه پاسخگویی کاربری‌ها در فضای شهری به تأمین نیازهای ساحت‌های سه‌گانه، شاخص میانگین کلی متغیرها، پایین‌تر از سطح متوسط است. در این میان، تأمین نیازهای ساحت مادی در حد متوسط ولی تأمین نیازهای ساحت‌های روانی و معنوی پایین‌تر از سطح متوسط است. همچنین زنان نسبت به مردان به صورت معناداری نحوه تأمین نیازها در فضاهای شهری را مطلوب‌تر در نظر گرفته‌اند. در نهایت تحقیق، توصیه‌هایی در جهت توزیع مناسب کاربری‌ها در سطح فضاهای شهری در جهت تأمین نیازهای حیات انسانی را مطرح می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Urban Spaces Based on the Principle of Balance in Islamic Thought Considering the Role of Land Use in Responding to Human Needs; Case Study: The City of Mashhad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amidoleslam Saghatoleslami 1
  • Azin mostofi 2
1 Assistant Professor of Urbanism, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate of Urbanism, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The principle of Balance is one of the fundamental principles in an Islamic city. In Islamic thought regarding the human needs in the urban environment, the principle of balance considers appropriate and balanced responses to the human needs in different realms of human life. The previous studies indicate that the concept of balance was less addressed on the scale of urban spaces and their realization through addressing the landscape and considering different realms of human life. The current study aimed to realize how land use in urban spaces can meet the quality of balance in responding to the needs of the different realms of human life. After a literature review, among material needs (physiological needs), mental needs, and spiritual needs of the realm of human, overall, 6 criteria and 13 sub-criteria were selected to evaluate the concept of balance. Four different urban spaces from different periods of the physical development in Mashhad city were selected as case studies. The research method was a field study and statistical analysis. To this end, 240 questionnaires were distributed in the selected urban spaces. The results obtained from the statistical methods were analyzed. The research findings indicate that according to the respondents and in all case studies, the responding of the land uses in the urban space to the needs of the triple realms, the indicator of the general mean of the variables was lower than the average level. Meanwhile, meeting the needs of the material realm was at the average level, while meeting the needs of the mental and spiritual realms was lower than the average. Also, the women significantly considered the way of meeting the needs in the urban spaces favorable than men. Eventually, recommendations were presented for the proper distribution of the land uses in the urban spaces to meet the needs of human life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Principle of Balance
  • Islamic City
  • Land Use
  • Human Needs
  • Realm of Human Life
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