توسعه پایدار گردشگری چابهار: رهیافتی برای برون‌رفت از توسعه‌نیافتگی

اعتمادی, کیانا; صارمی, حمید رضا

doi:10.22034/aaud.2022.303876.2545

توسعه پایدار گردشگری چابهار: رهیافتی برای برون‌رفت از توسعه‌نیافتگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ پژوهشگر دکتری شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیت ‌مدرس، تهران، ایران.

² دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیت ‌مدرس، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

10.22034/aaud.2022.303876.2545

چکیده

صنعت گردشگری سهم به‌سزایی در توسعه کشورها در سراسر جهان دارد. این صنعت به‌ویژه در نقاط کم‌تر توسعه‌یافته یا در شرایطی که سود فعالیت‌های سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی رو به افول باشد، راهبردی مناسب جهت توسعه کشورها محسوب می‌گردد. مقوله گردشگری در چابهار، موردپژوهی مقاله حاضر، علی‌رغم قرارگیری این منطقه در موقعیت جغرافیایی منحصربه‌فرد و برخوداری از دارایی‌ها و ارزش‌های طبیعی و بومی متعدد نتوانسته است به جایگاه مطلوبی دست یابد و در نهایت موجبات توسعه در سطح محلی و منطقه‌ای را فراهم آورد. هدف این مقاله به کاربست رویکرد توسعه پایدار گردشگری (که باتوجه به پیامدهای نامطلوب پارادایم سنتی گردشگری شکل گرفته است)، در چابهار اختصاص ‌یافته است. این هدف با استفاده از روش پژوهش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و با استفاده از ابزار مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته برآورده می‌شود. به این منظور گام‌هایی از جمله مرور مبانی نظری مرتبط با گردشگری توسعه پایدار، شناخت و تحلیل موردپژوهی از نظر ساختار محیط طبیعی و محیط ‌زیستی و ‌هم‌چنین بررسی وضعیت گردشگری منطقه صورت می‌گیرد. در نهایت مطالعه اسناد فرادست در کنار مصاحبه با مدیران و افراد بومی و مطلع از وضعیت منطقه و هم‌چنین گردشگران انجام می‌شود. این پژوهش ضمن بررسی علل عدم موفقیت صنعت گردشگری در چابهار، برخلاف سایر پژوهش‌های صورت‌گرفته و مطالعات موجود که عمدتاً مقوله گردشگری در چابهار را در بعد اقتصادی مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار داده‌اند، گردشگری طبیعی، تفریحی، فرهنگی و روستایی را جهت بهره‌گیری از رویکرد توسعه پایدار گردشگری برای منطقه چابهار در نظر می‌گیرد و در این راستا پیشنهادات و سیاست‌هایی را در ابعاد مختلف اقتصادی، فرهنگی، تفریحی و سیاستی ارائه می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sustainable Tourism Development in Chabahar: An Approach to Overcome Underdevelopment

نویسندگان [English]

Kiana Etemadi ¹
Hamidreza Saremi ²

¹ Ph.D. Candidate of Urban & Regional Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Arts, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

² Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Arts, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).

چکیده [English]

The tourism industry plays a significant role in the development of countries around the world. This industry is considered a suitable strategy for developing countries, especially in less-developed areas or in situations where the profits of other economic sectors are declining. In Chabahar, as the case study of the present study, tourism has not reached a favorable position and provided opportunities for local and regional development, despite the location of this region in a unique geographical area with many natural and domestic assets and values. The present study aims to apply the sustainable tourism development approach (which was formed due to the adverse consequences of the traditional tourism paradigm) in Chabahar. To this end, qualitative content analysis and semi-structured interviews are used. The present study is carried out in the following steps: the review of the theoretical foundations related to sustainable development tourism, recognition and analysis of the case study in terms of the structures of the natural and living environments, and the tourism status, the review of high-level documents, and interviewing with local managers, tourist, and those familiar with the region. Unlike other existing research that has mainly examined and analyzed tourism in Chabahar in the economic dimension, the present research considers natural, recreational, cultural, and rural tourism to take advantage of the sustainable tourism development approach, in addition to investigating the reasons for the failure of the tourism industry in Chabahar, and provides some suggestions and policies in different economic, cultural, recreational, and political dimensions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Sustainable Tourism Development
Sustainable Tourism
Chabahar

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