Almanza, E., Jerrett, M., Dunton, G., Seto, E., & Pentz, M.A. (2012). A Study of Community Design, Greenness, and Physical Activity in Children Using Satellite, Gps and Accelerometer Data. Health & Place, 18, 46–54.
Anderson, P., Harrison, O., Cooper, C., & Jané- Llopis, E. (2011). Incentives for Health. Journal of Health Communication, 16, 107–133.
Andrews, G.J., Hall, E., Evans, B., & Colls. R. (2012). Moving Beyond Walkability: on The Potential of Health Geography. Social Science & Medicine, 75, 1925-1932.
Armstrong, T., Bauman, A., & Davies, J. (2000). Physical Activity Patterns of Australian Adults, Results of the 1999 National Physical Activity Survey. Canberra:
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Bahrainy, H., & Khosravi, H. (2013). The Impact of Urban Design Features and Qualities on Walkability and Health in Under-Construction Environments: The Case of Hashtgerd New Town in Iran. J.
Cities,
Http://Dx.Doi. Org/10.1016/J.Cities.2013.01.001
Bahrami. H., Sadatsafavi, M., Pourshams, A., Kamangar, F., Nouraei, M., & Semnani, S. (2006). Obesity and Hypertension in an Iranian Cohort Study; Iranian Women Experience Higher Rates of Obesity and Hypertension than American Women. Bmc Public Health, 6 (Article Number 158).
Ball, K., Lamb, K., Travaglini, N., & Ellaway, A. (2012). Street Connectivity and Obesity in Glasgow, Scotland: Impact of Age, Sex and Socio Economic Position. Health &Place, 18, 1307–1313.
Bentley, R., Jolley, D., & Kavanagh, A.M. (2010). Local Environments as Determinants of Walking In Melbourne, Australia. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 1806-1815.
Berrigan, D., Pickle, L.W., & Dill, J. (2010). Associations between Street Connectivity and Active Transportation. International Journal of Health Geographics, 9, 18.
Bias, T.K., Leyden, K.M., Abildso, C.G., Reger- Nash, B., & Bauman, A. (2010). The Importance of Being Parsimonious: Reliability of a Brief Community Walkability Assessment Instrument. Health & Place, 16, 755–758.
Booysen, F. (2002). An Overview and Evaluation of Composite Indices of Development, Social Indicators Research, 59, 115–151. Doi: 10.1023/A:1016275505152.
Brown, B.B., Yamada, I., Smith, K.R., Zick, C.D., Kowaleski-Jones, L. & Fan, J.X. (2009). Mixed Land Use and Walkability: Variations in Land Use Measures and Relationships with Bmi, Overweight, and Obesity. Health & Place, 15, 1130–1141.
Brownson, R.C., Hoehner, C.M., Kristen, D., Forsyth, A., & Sallisjf, J.F. (2009). Measuring the Built Environment for Physical Activity, Measuring the Food and Physical Activity Environments: State of the Science, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36(4s), S99–S123).
Cao, X.J., Mokhtarian, P.L., & Handy, S.L. (2009). The Relationship between the Built Environment and Network Travel: A Case Study of Northern California. Transportation Research Part A, 43, 548–559.
Caspi, C.E., Kawachii, S.V., Tucker-Seeley. R., & Sorensen, G. (2012). The Social Environment and Walking
Behavior among Low-Income Housing Residents. Social Science & Medicine, 1-9.
Cerin, E., Sit, C., Barnett, A., Cheung, M., & Chan, W. (2012). Walking for Recreation and Perceptions of
the Neighborhood Environment in Older Chinese Urban Dwellers. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine.
Coombes, E., Jones, A.P., & Hillsdon, M. (2010). The Relationship of Physical Activity and Overweight to Objectively Measured Green Space Accessibility and Use. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 816–822.
Dunton,
G.F., Intille, S.S., Wolch, J., & Pentz, M.A. (2012). Investigating the Impact of a Smart Growth Community on the Contexts of Children’s Physical Activity Using Ecological Momentary Assessment. Health & Place, 18, 76–84.
Everitt, B.S., & Dun, G. (1991). Applied Multivariate Data Analysis. London: Edward Arnold.
Ewing, R., Schmid, T., Killingsworth, R., Zlot, A., & Raudenbush, S. (2003). Relationship between Urban Sprawl and Physical Activity, Obesity, and Morbidity. American Journal of Health Promotion, 18(1), 47-57.
Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010). Travel and the Built Environment, Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(3), 265-294.
Gallimore, J.M., Browna, B.B., & Werner, C.M. (2011). Walking Routes to School in New Urban and Suburban Neighborhoods: An Environmental Walkability Analysis of Blocks and Routes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31, 184-191.
Gebel, K., Bauman, A.E., Sugiyama, T., & Owen, N. (2011). Mismatch between Perceived and Objectively Assessed Neighborhood Walkability Attributes: Prospective Relationships with Walking and Weight Gain. Health & Place, 17, 519–524.
Giles-Corti, B., Timperio, A., Bull, F., & Pikora, T. (2005). Understanding Physical Activity Environmental
Correlates: Increased Specificity for Ecological Models. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 33(4), 175e181.
Giles-Corti, B., Bull, F., Knuiman, M., Mccormack, G., Vanniel, K., Timperio, A., Christian, H., & Boruff, B.
(2013). The Influence of Urban Design on Neighborhood Walking Following Residential Relocation: Longitudinal
Results from the Reside Study. Social Science & Medicine, 77, 20-30.
Gomez, G., Sarmiento, O.L., Parra, D.C., Schmid, T.L., Pratt, M., & Jacoby, E. (2010). Characteristics of the Built Environment Associated with Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Adults in Bogota. A Multilevel Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 7, S196–S203.
Griffin, B.A., Eibner, C., Bird, C.E., Jewell, A., Margolis, K., Shih, R., Slaughter, M.E., & Escarce, J.J. (2013). The Relationship between Urban Sprawl and Coronary Heart Disease in Women. Health & Place, Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Healthplace.2012.11.003.
Gunder, M. (2011). Commentary: Is Urban Design Still Urban Planning? An Exploration and Response. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 31(2), 184–195.
Guo, Z., & Loo, B. (2013). Pedestrian Environment and Route Choice: Evidence from New York City and
Hong Kong. Journal of Transport Geography, 28, 124– 136.
Hand, C., Law, M., Hanna, S., Elliott, S., & Mccoll, M.A. (2011). Neighborhood Influences on Participation in Activities among Older Adults with Chronic Health Conditions. Journal of Health & Place, 18, 869–876.
Handy, S.L., Boarnet, M.G., Ewing, R., & Killingsworth, R.E. (2002). How the Built Environment Affects Physical Activity: Views from Urban Planning. Am J Prev Med, 23, 64 –73.
Harrington, D.W. & Elliott, S.J. (2009). Weighing the Importance of Neighborhood: A Multilevel Exploration of the Determinants of Overweight and Obesity. Social Science & Medicine, 68, 593–600.
Hodgson, S., Namdeo, A., Araujo-Soares, V., & Pless- Mulloli, T. (2012). Towards An Interdisciplinary Science of Transport and Health: A Case Study on School Travel. Journal of Transport Geography, 21, 70–79.
Hoehner, C.M., Rios, J., Garmendia, C., Baldwin, S., Kelly, C.M., Knights, D.M., & Tranel, M. (2012). Page Avenue Health Impact Assessment: Building On Diverse Partnerships and Evidence to Promote a Healthy Community. Health & Place, 18, 85–95.
Hosseini, S.B., Norouzianmaleki, S., & Karimiazari, A. (2012). The Influences of Access Improvements in Pedestrian Street Use. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35, 645- 651.
Hunter, R.H., Sykes, K., Lowman, S.G., Duncan, R., Satariano, W.A., & Belza, B. (2011). Environmental and Policy Change to Support Healthy Aging, Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 23(4), 354-371.
Kamphuis, C., Giskes, K., Kavanagh, A.M., Thornton, L.E., Thomas, L.R., & Lenthe, F. (2008). Area Variation in Recreational Cycling In Melbourne: A Compositional or Contextual Effect? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 62, 890-898
Kelly. C.E., Tight, M.R., Hodgson, F.C., & Page, M.W. (2011). A Comparison of Three Methods for Assessing the Walkability of the Pedestrian Environment. Journal of Transport Geography, 19, 1500–1508.
King, A.C., Sallis, J.F., Frank, L.D., Saelens, B.E., Cain, K., Conway, T.L., Chapmand, J.E., & Kerr, J. (2011). Aging in Neighborhoods Differing In Walkability and Income: Associations with Physical Activity and Obesity in Older Adults. Social Science & Medicine, 73, 1525-1533.
Koh, P.P., & Wong, Y.D. (2013). Comparing Pedestrians’ Needs and Behaviors in Different Land Use Environments. Journal of Transport Geography, 26, 43–50.
Kopelman, P.G. (2000). Obesity as a Medical Problem, Nature, Apr 6; 404 (6778):635-43, St Bartholomew’s & the Royal London School of Medicine, Queen Mary & Westfield College, Uk.
Lachowycz, K., & Jones, A.P. (2011). Green Space and Obesity: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. Obesity Reviews, 12, E183–E189.
Lee, R.E., Booth, K.M., Reese-Smith, J.Y., Regan, G., & Howard, H.H. (2005). The Physical Activity Resource
Assessment (Para) Instrument: Evaluating Features, Amenities and Incivilities of Physical Activity Resources in Urban Neighborhoods. Int J Behavnutrphys Act, 2(13).
Lee, K.K. (2012). Developing and Implementing the Active Design Guidelines in New York City. Health
&Place, 18, 5–7.
Lee, R.E., Mama, S.K., Medina, A.V., Ho, A., & Adamus, H.J. (2012). Neighborhood Factors Influence Physical Activity among African American and Hispanic or Latina Women. Health & Place, 18, 63–70.
Leyden, K.M., Goldberg, A., & Michelbach, P. (2011). Understanding the Pursuit of Happiness in Ten Major Cities. Journal of Urban Affairs Review, 47(6), 861–888.
Lwin, K.K., & Murayama, Y. (2011). Modeling of Urban Green Space Walkability: Eco-Friendly Walk Score Calculator. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 35, 408–420.
Manaugh, K., & El-Geneidy, A. (2011). Validating Walkability Indices: How Do Different Households Respond To The Walkability Of Their Neighborhood? . Transportation Research Part D, 16, 309–315.
Manson, J. E., Nathan, D.M., Krolewski, A.S., Stampfer, M.J., Willett, W.C., & Hennekens, C. H. (1992). A Prospective Study of Exercise and Incidence of Diabetes among Us Male Physicians. Journal of the
American Medical Association, 268(1), 63-67.
Marzoughi R, Vanderburg Wh. (2010). A Precautionary Approach to City Building: Interpreting the Relationship between Urban Form and Mobility. Journal of Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 30(2), 86-95.
Mccormack, G., Giles-Corti, B., Lange, A., Smith, T., Martin, K., & Pikora, T. (2004). An Update of Recent
Evidence of the Relationship between Objective and Self-Report Measures of the Physical Environment and
Physical Activity Behaviors. J. Sci. Med. Sport, 7, 81–92.
Mytton, O.T., Townsend, N., Rutter, H., & Foster, C. (2012). Green Space and Physical Activity: An Observational Study Using Health Survey for England Data. Health & Place, 18, 1034–1041.
National Heart Foundation. (2009). Supportive Environments for Walking E from A State Perspective to A National Coordinated Effort.
Nolon, J.R., & Salkin, P.E. (2011). Integrating Sustainable Development Planning and Climate Change Management: A Challenge to Planners and Land Use Attorneys. Journal of Planning & Environmental Law: Issues and Decisions that Impact the Built and Natural Environments, 63(3), 3-10.
Oluyomi, A.O., Whitehead, L.W., Burau, K.D., Symanski, E., Kohl, H.W., & Bondy, M. (2012). Physical Activity Guideline in Mexican-Americans: Does the Built Environment Play a Role? .Had Been Presented in Part, as an Oral Presentation at the 9th International Conference on Urban Health, 27–29 October 2010, In New York City, Ny.
Parra, D.C., Gomez, L.F., Sarmiento, O.L., Buchner, D., Brownson, R., Schimd, T., & Lobelo, F. (2010). Perceived and Objective Neighborhood Environment Attributes and Health Related Quality of Life Among the Elderly In Bogota´, Colombia. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 1070–1076.
Pikora, T., Giles-Corti, B., Bull, F., Jamrozik, K., & Donovan, R.J. (2003). Developing a Framework for Assessment of the Environmental Determinants of Walking and Cycling, Social Science & Medicine, 56, 1693e1703
Pikora, T., Giles-Corti, B., Knuiman, M., Bull, F., Jamrozik, K., & Donovan, R. (2006). Neighborhood Environments Factors Correlated With Walking Near Home: Using Spaces. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38(4), 708-714
Powell, K.E., Martin, L.M., & Chowdhury, P.P. (2003). Places to Walk: Convenience and Regular Physical Activity. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9), 1519-1521.
Rosenberg, D., Ding, D., Sallis, J.F., Kerr, J., Norman, G.J., Durant, N., & Saelens, B.E. (2009). Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (News-Y): Reliability and Relationship with Physical Activity. Preventive Medicine, 49, 213–218.
Sallis, J.F., Johnson, M.F., Calfas, K.J., Caparosa, S., Nichols, J.F. (1997). Assessing Perceived Physical Environmental Variables That May Influence Physical Activity, Res Q Exerc Sport; 68, 345–51.
Sesso, H.D., Paffenbarger, R.S., & Lee, I.M. (2000). Physical Activity and Coronary Heart Disease in Men:
The Harvard Alumni Health Study. Circulation, 102(9), 975e980.
Sharma, S. (1996). Applied Multivariate Techniques. New York: Wiley.
Shill, J., Mavoa, H., Crammond, B., Loff, B., Peeters, A., Lawrence, M., Allender, S., & Swinburn, B.A. (2012). Regulation to Create Environments Conducive To Physical Activity: Understanding the Barriers and Facilitators at the Australian State Government Level. Plos One, 7(9): E42831. Doi:10.1371/Journal. Pone.0042831.
Sportscotland. (2008). Sports Participation in Scotland 2007. Research Digest No.108. Sportscotland, Edinburgh.
Stangl, P. (2011). The Us Pedestrian Plan: Linking Practice and Research. Journal of Planning Practice & Research, 26(3), 289-305.
Sugiyama, T., Francis, J., Middleton, N.J., Owen, N., Giles-Corti, B. (2010). Associations between Recreational Walking and Attractiveness, Size, and Proximity of Neighborhood Open Spaces. American Journal of Public Health, 100 (9), 1752–1757, Epub 2010 Jul 15.
Sundquist, K., Qvist, J., Johansson, S.E., & Sundquist, J. (2005). The Long-Term Effect of Physical Activity on
Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study. Preventive Medicine, 41(1), 219e225.
Sundquist, K., Eriksson, U., Kawakami. N., Skog. L., Ohlsson, H., & Arvidsson, D. (2011). Neighborhood Walkability, Physical Activity, and Walking Behavior: the Swedish Neighborhood And Physical Activity (Snap) Study. Social Science & Medicine, 72, 1266-1273.
Talen, E., & Koschinsky, J. (2011). Is Subsidized Housing in Sustainable Neighborhoods? Evidence from
Chicago, Journal of Housing Policy Debate, 21(1), 1-28.
Troped, P.J., Cromley, E.K., Fragala, M.S., Melly, S.J., Hasbrouck, H.H., Gortmaker, S.L., & Brownson, Rc. (2006). Development and Reliability, Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106, 1624-1630.
Turrell, G., Haynes, M., Wilson, L.A., & Giles-Corti, B. (2013). Can The Built Environment Reduce Health
Inequalities? A Study of Neighborhood Socio Economic Disadvantage and Walking for Transport. Health & Place, 19, 89–98.
Us Department of Health and Human Services. (2002). Physical Activity Fundamental to Preventing Disease, Us
Department of Health and Human Services, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Washington, D.C
Van Dyck, D., Cardon, G., Deforche, B., & Bourdeaudhuij, I.D. (2009). Lower Neighborhood Walkability and Longer Distance to School are Related to Physical Activity in Belgian Adolescents. Preventive Medicine, 48, 516–518.
Van Dyck, D., Cerin, E., Conway, T.L., Bourdeaudhuij, I.D., Owene, N., Kerr, J., Cardon, G., & Sallis, J.F. (2013).
Perceived Neighborhood Environmental Attributes Associated with Adults’ Leisure-Time Physical Activity:
Findings from Belgium, Australia and the USA. Health & Place, 19, 59–68.
Vine, D., Buys, L., & Aird, R. (2012). Experiences of Neighborhood Walkability among Older Australians
Living in High Density Inner-City Areas, Planning Theory & Practice, 13(3), 421-444.
Wey, W.M., & Chiu, Y.H. (2013). Assessing the Walkability of Pedestrian Environment under the Transit-
Oriented Development. Habitat International, 38, 106-118.
Wheeler, B.W., Cooper, A.R., Page, A.S., & Jago, R. (2010). Green Space and Children’s Physical Activity: A
GPS/GIS Analysis of the Peach Project. Preventive Medicine, 51, 148–152.
Who. (2007) Global Age-Friendly Cities: A Guide. France: World Health Organization
Who. (2011) Obesity and Overweight,
www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
Wolch, J., Jerrett, M., Reynolds, K., Mcconnell, R., Chang, R., Dahmann, N., Brady, K., Gilliland, F., Su, J.G., & Berhane, K. (2010). Childhood Obesity and Proximity to Urban Parks and Recreational Resources: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Health & Place, 17, 207–214.
Wood, L., Frank, L.D., & Giles-Corti, B. (2010). Sense Of Community And Its Relationship with Walking and Neighborhood Design. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 1381–1390.
Zebardast, E. (2009). The Housing Domain of Quality of Life and Life, Satisfaction in the Spontaneous Settlements on the Tehran Metropolitan Fringe, Soc Indic Res, 90, 307–324.
)