بررسی مفهوم‌شناسی ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی در حوزه مسکن، نمونه موردی: شهر ایلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، ایلام، ایران

2 استادیار معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از دلایل توجه به کیفیت زندگی، ظهور فردگرایی است. توجه به مقوله ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی از آنجا دارای اهمیت می‌باشد که حس شادابی و سرزندگی در جوامع کنونی و بالاخص در شهر ایلام بسیار کمرنگ شده است. کیفیت زندگی از نظر لغوی به‌معنای چگونه زندگی کردن است. باوجود این؛ معنی آن برای هرکس منحصربه‌فرد و با دیگران متفاوت است. کیفیت زندگی بسته به بستری که نحوه زیست در آن بررسی می‌شود، تعاریف گوناگونی می‌یابد. یکی از روش‌های دریافت مفاهیم مربوط به ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی در مسکن و در حوزه مورد مطالعه (شهر ایلام)، مشاهده و گفتگو با جمعیت هدف، جهت فهم برجسته‌ترین نیازها و خواسته‌های آنان است. لذا روش تحقیق این مقاله براساس روش کیفی است. جهت آزمون تحقیق با استفاده از تحلیل همپوشانی رگرسیون، تلاش شد تا متغیرهای پژوهش را مورد ارزیابی و طبقه‌بندی قرار دهیم. مقاله حاضر در بستر مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، بررسی و مطالعه مقالات فارسی و لاتین، بررسی سایت‌ها و درگاه‌های اینترنتی بین‌المللی و مهم‌ترین ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات در این حوزه یعنی «پرسشنامه» و «مصاحبه» انجام پذیرفته است. براساس این دیدگاه و تدوین، توزیع و تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری پرسشنامه به‌وسیله نرم‌افزار SPSS چنین نتیجه گرفته می‌شود که افراد جمعیت هدف واقع در شهر ایلام جهت ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی در مجتمع مسکونی خود، معیارهایی ازجمله افزایش سطح استاندارد در برخی اندام‌های مسکونی، استفاده از طرح‌های نوین در طراحی، وجود فضای سبز، رنگ‌های متنوع، نورگیری کافی فضاها، فضای متناسب در بین واحدها را در افزایش ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی در مجتمع‌های مسکونی خود مؤثر دانسته اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Survey of Perceptual Cognition on Promoting Family Life Quality in the Field of Housing, Case Study of Ilam

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Eghbalinia 1
  • Mohammad Shuhani 2
1 M.A of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Ilam Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Ilam Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, there are different views on all things in the past and the human view on life has followed this. The basic effort of current societies is not only to preserve other life in the usual way, but also to improve its quality in many areas. Attention to the issue of improving the life quality is important because today, the pressures of mental, psychological, economic stresses, etc. on humankind and also on the target population of the present study, has caused distress. Therefore, regarding to this issue, it seems essential to be taken refuge in which he feels comfort. One of the reasons for paying attention to the life quality is the emergence of individualism, especially in Ilam city, that has become much diminished. The life quality literally means how to live although its meaning for anyone is unique. The term of life quality is more related to the natural environment and external conditions of life such as pollution, housing quality, aesthetic aspects, traffic congestion, crime prevalence, and etc. On the other hand, life quality is also the result of the interaction of environmental, economic, health and social conditions that affects human development. Also, life quality is considered as a situation in which a person experience a relation between himself, nature, and his society while he has a feeling of internal peacetime. The structure of life quality is somewhat ambiguous. On one hand, the quality of individual life is considered as a concept of how to live a person. In a more general sense, the quality of life situations is around an agent, including situations such as the peripheral environment or culture in a given society. In addition to these two approaches, there is another approach that emphasizes on two objective and subjective dimensions of life quality that can be pointed out in social and economic ways in the life quality. In this regard, given many factors and researches that are perceived by the concept of improving life quality, the role of housing is high with regard to its application in every person’s life. Housing is the main factor in the socialization of individuals towards the world and a major commodity in the social organization of space, which plays a crucial role in the formation of individual identities, social relationships and collective goals. Inappropriate housing is an effective factor in the emergence of depression and behavioral, personality disorders, as well as reduction of individual resistance to problems. Understanding the concepts such as life or the promotion of life quality, in the initial perception have a general conceptual agreement, but the truth is not like that, because these concepts are fully personal experiences. The perception of individuals from the concept of life quality, regarding to their personal interests, experiences, feelings, etc. is different. Life Quality has a variety of definitions, depending on the context in which the way of living is studied, therefore, to understand the factors influencing the quality of life, we can easily go for the people and ask them how they feel about life. The life quality is relative more than anything else and there is no absolute and universal criterion for defining and measuring it; it is a concept that is heavily influenced by time and place. One of the ways to find ideas about improving the life quality in housing and in study area (Ilam city) is to observe and discuss with the target population in order to understand their most important needs and desires. Therefore, the research method of this paper is based on a qualitative method. To test the research using regression overlapping analysis, we tried to evaluate and categorize the variables of the research. The present paper is based on library studies, the study of Persian and Latin articles, the study of international sites and internet portals, and the most important meansfor collecting information in this area, namely, “questionnaire” and “interview.” Based on this view and formulation, distribution and statistical analysis of the questionnaire by SPSS software, we conclude that in the opinion of the target population of Ilam city, criteria such as increasing the standard level in some residential units, the use of modern schemes in design, the presence of green spaces, diverse colors, adequate lighting of spaces, and the appropriate space between units are effective in enhancing the life quality in their residential complexes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Life Concept
  • Promotion of Life Quality
  • Housing
  • Ilam
Sen, A. (2003). Development as Freedom, (V. Mahmmody, Trans.). Tehran: Dastan.
www.southwark.gov.uk/yourservices/planningandbuildingcontrol/
Aghassy, M. (1993). Analyzing the Geographic Location of Housing in Tehran. Ph.D. in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran.
Andrews F. & Withey S.B. (1976). Social Indicators of wellbeing Americans Perceptions of Life Quality, New York: Plenum Press.
Angen, S., K. Mayo, S. & L. StephensJr., W. (1993). The Housing Indicators Program: A Report on Progress and Plans for Future, Neths. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, W.B.
Baldwin S., Godfery, C. & Propper, C. (1994). Quality of Life: Perspectives and Policies, New York: Rutledge.
Bentham, J. (1978). An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, New York: Hafner.
Bougsty T., Marshall P. & Chavez, E. (1983). Prevalence and Prevention of Mental Health Problems in an Energy Affected Community, Administration in Mental Health, 10, 272-287.
C. Dalkey, N., L. Rourke, D., Lewis, R., & Snyder, D. (1972). Studies in the Quality of Life: Delphi and Decision – Making, Toronto and London.
Cullingworth, B. (1997). Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues and Processes. Routledge.
Dalalpurmohammadi, M.R. (2000). Housing Planning. Organization for the Study and Compilation of Human Sciences Books of Universities, Tehran: Samt.
Dalalpurmohammadi, M.R. (2002). Housing and Marginal Planning, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tabriz University.
Dejcam, L. (1994). Housing Issues and Government, Proceedings of the Seminar on Iranian Housing Development, (1 V), Tehran: Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Diwan, R. (2000). Relational Wealth and Quality of Life, Journal of Social-economics. 29.
Etemad, G. (1990). Housing Ownership and Its Impact on the Organization of Urban Space, Tehran: Urbanism and Architecture, 9.
Ferrans, C. E. (1996). Development of a Conceptual Model of Quality Of Life, Scholarly Inquiry of Nursing Practice, 10, 293-304.
Fichler, R. (2002). Planning to Improve the Life Quality; from the Standard of Living to Life Quality, (M. T. Motlagh, Trans). Tehran: (1).
Flanagan, JC. (1982). Measurement of Quality of Life: Current State of the Art, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Garussi, S. & Naghavi, A., (2008). Social Capital and Life Quality in Kerman, Social Welfare, (30 & 31).
Ghafari, Gh. R. & Omidi, R. (2009). Life Quality, the Indicator of Social Development, Tehran: Shirazeh.
Ghazee, I. (1995). A Debate about Renting in Housing Planning, (2 V). Tehran: Seminar Proceedings Housing Development Policies in Iran, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Gheeasvand, E. (2009). The Effect of Social Capital on the Life Quality of Residents of Urban Neighborhoods, Tehran: Consulting Engineer, (45).
Haas, B. K. (1999). A Multidisciplinary Concept Analysis of Quality of Life, Western Journal of Nursing Research, 21, 728-740.
Hedayatnejat, M., (1996). Lease, Psychosocial Complications and Solutions, (2 v), Tehran: Proceedings of the Seminar Housing Development Policies in Iran, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Katz, B. & Margery A.T. (2008). Rethinking U.S. Rental Housing Policy: A New Blueprint for Federal, State and Local Action, In Revisiting Rental Housing, edited by Nicolas P. Retsinas and Eric S. Belsky Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
Knapp, E. (1982). Housing Problems in Third World, University of Stuttgart. 35.
Leu, R.W. (1985). Economic Evaluation of New Drug Therapies in Terms of Improved Life Quality, Special Issue, Drugs and Moods Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1313-1324.
Liu, B. (1976). Quality of Life Indicators in U.S Metropolitan Areas: A Statistical Analysis. New York: Rutledge.
Lovell, Ph. & Isaacs, J. (2008). The Impact of the Mortgage Crisis on Children and Their Education, First Focus April.
Mokhtari, M. & Nazari, J. (2009). Sociology of Life Quality, Tehran: Azarakhsh.
Naeiniyan, M.R., Shaiery, M.R., Roshan, R., Sayedmohammadi, K. & Khalmi, Z. (2005). Study of Some Psychometric Properties of Life Quality Questionnaire (QLQ), Journal of Scientific Research, (13).
Office for the Development and Extension of National Building Regulations, (2008). National Building Regulations of Iran: The Fourth Debate the General Requirements of the Building, Tehran: Publishing Development of Iran.
Oliver, J., Huxley, P., Bridges, K. & Mohammad, H. (1996). Quality of Life and Mental Health Services, New York: Rutledge.
Ontario Social Development Council. (1997). Quality of Life, Available at: (www, gdrc.org/uem/qol-define.html).
Orang, M. (2006). Measurement of the Quality of the Environment in Post-traumatic Reconstruction, Case Study: Bam Public Spaces, M.A thesis Urban and Regional Planning, Tehran: College of Arts and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University.
Pugh. C. (1990). Housing and Urbanization: A Study of India. London, Sage Publications, Chapter 1.
Raffiey, M. (1989). Housing and Income in Tehran (Past, Present, Future), Tehran: Center for Urban and Architecture Research, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Rasooly, M. (1994). Housing and Related Standards to Achieve the Optimal Pattern. Tehran: The First Seminar on Housing Development Policies in Iran Proceedings, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Rumberger, R. (2003). The Causes and Consequences of Student Mobility, Journal of Negro Education, 72 (1).
Semsamy, A. (1995). Downsizing and Urban Issues, (1 V). Tehran: Proceedings of the Second Seminar on Housing Development in Iran, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Sendich, B. (2006). Planning and Urban Standard, Newgersy: Routledge.
Short, J. R., (2006). Urban Theory a Critical Assessment, New York: Routledge.
Smith, D. M. (2003). Life Quality: Human Well-being and Social Justice, (H. Hataminejad, Trans.). Tehran: Economic-Political Information Monthly, 186-185.
Taghvai, A.A, Purjafar, M.R. & Kocabi, A. (2005). Planning the Quality of Urban Life in Urban Centers, Definitions and Indicators, Tehran: Urban Queries, (12).
Ultrovskii, V. (1992). Contemporary Urbanization from the First Sources to the Athens Charter, (L. Etezadii, Trans.). Tehran: Simorgh.
Yazdanpanahshahabadi, M.R. & Barati, N. (2011). A Study of the Conceptual Relationship between Social Capital and Life Quality in Urban Environment (A Case Study of the New Town of Pardis), (1), Tehran: Cultural Sociology, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies.
Localdevelopmentframework/SPD.html
Newa chek P.W. & Taylor W.R. (1992). Childhood Chronic Illness: Prevalence Severity and Impact, American Journal of Public Health, 82, 364-371.
W00d field, A. (1989). Housing and Economic Adjustment, New York: Taylor & Francis.
Walmsly, D.J. (1988). Urban Living, Longman Scientific & Technical. New York.
World Health Organization. (1995). The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHO QOL) Position Paper from the World Health Organization, Social Science and Medicine. 41, 10-17.