خوانش قصه‌های جامعه از متن فضای شهری: تقویت و تداوم حس مکان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر علی‌رغم فراگیر شدن بحث‌های جهانی شدن و گسترش روابط در دنیای مجازی همچنان مکان و حس مکان، کانون توجه بسیاری از پژوهش‌های نظری و تجربی است. اهمیت یکپارچگی رویکردهای عینی و ذهنی به این مفاهیم، بر تعادل و موازنه پرداختن توأمان به ویژگی‌های فیزیکی مکان‌ها و ارزش‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی جامعه تأکید می‌کند. در این زمینه روایت قصه‌های جامعه شامل خاطرات، باورها، ارزش‌ها و اسطوره‌های جامعه در فضاهای شهری، بر تقویت پیوند با آن‌ها مؤثر خواهند بود. این در حالی است که در پرداختن به فضاها و مکان‌های شهری، اغلب قصه‌ها و رویدادهای پیشین آن‌ها مورد غفلت واقع می‌شوند. بنابراین پرداختن به روایت‌های جامعه در متن فضاهای شهری به‌عنوان عامل اتصال‌دهنده افراد به محیط زندگی آن‌ها ضروری است. در این مقاله نقش قصه‌های جامعه و روایت آن‌ها در تقویت حس مکان بررسی شده است. پرسش اصلی این است که چگونه می‌توان به کمک روایت و خوانش قصه‌های جامعه در فضاهای شهری، حس مکان را تقویت کرده و تداوم بخشید؟ به این منظور با به‌کارگیری روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، نخست، متون و نظریه‌های مرتبط در این زمینه، مرور و  مفاهیم و آراء صاحب‌نظران بررسی شده است. سپس روابط میان مفاهیم اصلی تشریح و تحلیل شده است. بر پایه تأثیر مثبت و تقویت‌کننده روایت قصه‌های مکان بر حس مکان، و در قالب رویکرد نشانه‌شناسی لایه‌ای، فضای شهری به‌عنوان یک متن و قصه‌های آن نیز به‌عنوان یکی از لایه‌های متنی معرفی شد. به‌منظور حفظ انسجام کلیت متن مکان، باید نقش و ارزش لایه‌های مختلف متنی مکان - فعالیت‌ها، کالبدی، تصورات- با نقش و ارزش لایه متنی قصه‌های مکان همسو بوده و یکدیگر را تقویت کنند. برای نمایش قصه‌ها، طی فرآیندی باید مشخص شود کدام قصه‌ها برای جامعه از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار است، سپس روش‌ها و عناصر نمایش‌دهنده آن‌ها -کالبدی و غیرکالبدی- تعیین شوند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reading Society’s Stories from the Urban Space as a text: Corroboration and Continuation of Sense of Place

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahnoush Shahinrad 1
  • Mojtaba Rafieian 2
  • Mohammad Reza Pourjafar 3
1 Ph.D. of Urban Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor of Urban Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

During the recent years, despite the suffusion of the globalization discussions and expansion of the relationships in the virtual world, the place and sense of place are still in the focal point of the attention in many of the theoretical and empirical studies. The importance of integrating the objective and subjective approaches into these concepts underlines the balance and equilibrium in concomitantly dealing with the physical properties of the places and the social and cultural values of the society. In this regard, narrating the society’s stories, including memories, beliefs, values and myths in the urban space, would be effective in the strengthening of the bond with them. This is while the majority of the prior stories and events are neglected in dealing with urban spaces and places. Thus, it is necessary to deal with the society’s narrations in the text of urban space as the factor connecting the individuals to their living environments. The present article investigates the role of the society’s stories and their narrations in respect to the fortification of the sense of place. The main question is that how the sense of place can be reinforced and continued by the assistance of the narrations and readings of the society’s stories in the urban spaces? To do so, use has been made of a descriptive-analytical method to firstly review the texts and theories related to this issue and explore the experts’ concepts and notions; then, the primary concepts’ interrelationships are explicated and analyzed. Based on the positive and corroborating effect of the narrations of the place stories on the sense of place and within the format of the layered semiotic approach, the urban space will be introduced as a text and its stories are consequently considered as the textual layers. In order to preserve the coherence of the place’s text in whole, the role and value of the various layers of the place’s text- activities, form and imaginations- should be aligned with and strengthening the value and role of the textual layer of the place’s stories. To display the stories, it has to be specified within a context that which stories are of greater importance to society. Then, the physical and non-physical methods and elements showcasing them should be determined.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sense of Place
  • Story
  • Memory
  • Urban Space
  • Layered Semiotics
  • Text
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