Dr. Mostafa Behzadfar Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development 2008-5079 16 43 2023 09 22 The Role of Various Ecological Criteria in Different Seasons of Residential Buildings located in Mashhad City The Role of Various Ecological Criteria in Different Seasons of Residential Buildings located in Mashhad City 285 308 178605 10.22034/aaud.2023.334522.2645 FA Hamid Hamed Sardar Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Saeed Tisghalam Zonouzi Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author). Shooka Khoshbakht Bahremani Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2022 03 17 High-rise residential buildings in natural environments are an emerging phenomenon in many countries, particularly in developing countries. Many buildings may cause irreversible damage to their environment due to incompatibility. Designers and constructors would build some buildings in line with sustainable development based on their training and principles for environmental preservation; however, sustainability criteria in the design are also responsive for some seasons and cannot cover all seasons. This study aims to examine the effect of ecological criteria in different seasons by extracting shortcomings of the ecologic design of high-rise residential buildings. The research method is a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. In the qualitative step, Delphi's future study with three brainstorming, limitation, and selection is used then the Kendall coefficient is applied for variable refining in case studies. In the quantitative step, the questionnaire is formulated based on the Likert scale and then distributed among 384 stakeholders during four different seasons. Data analysis is done through JMP and Sigmaplot software, and moving averages and graphic correlation charts are finally extracted. The results show that ecological architecture' variables have a correlation rate of 0.73 during summer and winter. The highest correlation is observed between summer and winter seasons, while the lowest correlation (0.0004) is seen between spring and summer seasons, and designers have paid attention to both seasons in their designs. High-rise residential buildings in natural environments are an emerging phenomenon in many countries, particularly in developing countries. Many buildings may cause irreversible damage to their environment due to incompatibility. Designers and constructors would build some buildings in line with sustainable development based on their training and principles for environmental preservation; however, sustainability criteria in the design are also responsive for some seasons and cannot cover all seasons. This study aims to examine the effect of ecological criteria in different seasons by extracting shortcomings of the ecologic design of high-rise residential buildings. The research method is a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. In the qualitative step, Delphi's future study with three brainstorming, limitation, and selection is used then the Kendall coefficient is applied for variable refining in case studies. In the quantitative step, the questionnaire is formulated based on the Likert scale and then distributed among 384 stakeholders during four different seasons. Data analysis is done through JMP and Sigmaplot software, and moving averages and graphic correlation charts are finally extracted. The results show that ecological architecture' variables have a correlation rate of 0.73 during summer and winter. The highest correlation is observed between summer and winter seasons, while the lowest correlation (0.0004) is seen between spring and summer seasons, and designers have paid attention to both seasons in their designs. https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_178605_e7ed7f28b58500fad9317f250f9d18b6.pdf