معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

سرشت مکان در سایه اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری رانتی: میانجیگری فرم مصنوع در حریم حرم رضوی (با تمرکز بر پارادایم انسان‌محور)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دکتری تخصصی گروه معماری، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
3 استاد گروه مرمت، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2026.545120.2994
چکیده
اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری رانتی در شهرهای مذهبی مانند مشهد، با بهره‌برداری از جریان‌های زیارتی و منابع انحصاری بدون خلق ارزش تولیدی، ساختارهای شهری و سرشت مکان را دگرگون می‌سازد و هویت مکان‌های زیسته را به کالای سودآور تبدیل می‌کند. چارچوب نظری این پژوهش بر سه رکن بنیادین انسان‌محور شامل: مفهوم سکونت، قدرت- فضا و نظریه تولید فضایی با میانجی‌گری فرم مصنوع استوار است. بررسی جنبه‌های متعدد، نشان می‌دهد نقش فرم مصنوع در رانت‌جویی مکان‌های مذهبی مغفول مانده است. مسئله‌محوری این پژوهش، درک سازوکارهایی است که اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری رانتی از طریق آن‌ها بر سرشت مکان تأثیر می‌گذارد. سؤال اصلی عبارت است از: چگونه اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری رانتی از طریق میانجی‌گری فرم مصنوع، سرشت انسانی مکان‌ها را دگرگون می‌کند؟ روش‌شناسی پژوهش مبتنی بر پارادایم تفسیری- انتقادی با گرایش انسان‌محور است و تلاش دارد با رویکرد کیفی و تکنیک بریکولاژ (سیستم تلفیق)، تحلیل گفتمان و گفتمان انتقادی را تلفیق کند. داده‌ها از بررسی اسناد و مصاحبه‌های عمیق با 12 مشارکت‌کننده گردآوری و از طریق کدگذاری سه‌مرحله‌ای گراندد تئوری و با تکنیک بریکولاژ تلفیق و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌های کدگذاری از 12 مصاحبه منجر به 1578 کد شد که در 12 خرده مقوله سازماندهی شدند. نقشه‌برداری شبکه کنشگران 9 کنشگر فعال را شناسایی کرد و مقوله محوری «تخریب سیستماتیک هویت جمعی از طریق شبکه‌سازی رانتی و کنترل اجتماعی» کشف شد و پدید محوری «کالایی‌سازی سرشت مکان» را تولید کرد که در آن نیروهای محرک بر مقاومت‌های محلی با ضریب تعادل 51.‏0 درصد غلبه دارند. این نسبت نشان می‌دهد که نیروهای تخریب، دو برابر قوی‌تر از نیروهای بازسازی عمل می‌کنند. مشارکت نظری این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اقتصاد سرمایه‌داری رانتی از طریق میانجی‌گری فرم مصنوع، سرشت مکان را به سمت کالایی‌سازی و تخریب و تغییر هویت سوق می‌دهد، اما نیروهای مقاومتی سه‌گانه (سیاسی، روایی و تفسیری) پتانسیل بازسازی را حفظ می‌کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Nature of Place Under Rentier Capitalist Economy: Mediation of Built Form in the Sacred Precinct of Imam Reza Shrine (With Focus on Human-Centered Paradigm)

نویسندگان English

Javad Ramezannejad 1
mehdi hamzenejad 2
asghar mohamad moradi 3
1 PhD student in the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Architecture Department, IUST
2 Faculty member, Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, IUST
3 Faculty member, Conservation Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, IUST
چکیده English

Rentier capitalist economy in religious cities such as Mashhad, through the exploitation of pilgrimage flows and monopolistic resources without creating productive value, transforms urban structures and the nature of place, turning the identity of lived places into a profitable commodity. The theoretical framework of this research rests on three fundamental human-centered pillars: the concept of dwelling, power-space, and the theory of spatial production, mediated by built form. Examining multiple dimensions reveals that the role of built form in rent-seeking of religious places has been neglected. The problem-oriented focus of this research is understanding the mechanisms through which rentier capitalist economy affects the nature of place. The main question is: How does rentier capitalist economy, through the mediation of built form, transform the human nature of places? The research methodology is based on an interpretive-critical paradigm with a human-centered orientation, seeking to integrate discourse analysis and critical discourse analysis through a qualitative approach and bricolage technique. Data were collected from document review and in-depth interviews with 12 participants, then integrated and analyzed through three-stage grounded theory coding and bricolage technique. The coding findings from 12 interviews yielded 1578 codes, which were organized into 12 subcategories. Actor-network mapping identified 9 active actors, the core category of "systematic destruction of collective identity through rentier networking and social control" was discovered, and the central phenomenon of "commodification of the nature of place" was produced, in which driving forces overcome local resistances with a balance coefficient of 0.51. This ratio indicates that destructive forces operate twice as powerfully as reconstructive forces. The theoretical contribution of this research demonstrates that rentier capitalist economy, through the mediation of built form, drives the nature of place toward commodification, destruction, and identity change, but triple resistance forces (political, narrative, interpretive) retain the potential for reconstruction.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

place commodification
rentier capitalism
place essence
artificial form
human-centered paradigm
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دوره 19، شماره 54
بهار 1405
صفحه 25-40

  • تاریخ دریافت 13 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 06 خرداد 1405