Typology and Seismic Stability Analysis of the Vaults of the Historical City of Masouleh

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. in Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Professor of Architecture and Urban Development, Tabriz University of Islamic Arts, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Architecture and Urban Development, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran (Corresponding Author).

4 Associate Professor of Carpets, Tabriz University of Islamic Arts, Tabriz, Iran.

10.22034/aaud.2023.352656.2691

Abstract

Vaults are among the most effective architectural innovations for covering ceilings and wide spans, which also serve as decorative elements in various buildings. The aim of the present study was to investigate different types of vaults in the historical city of Masouleh and their performance when an earthquake unfolds. For this, the study raised some questions, as follows: “How many types of vaults have been used in the historical city of Masouleh?” and “Which vaults of Masouleh City demonstrate better structural performance when an earthquake occurs?” Methodologically, the study fell under field surveys. Abaqus finite element software (2022 version) was used to analyze the seismic resistance of Masouleh’s vaults; also, data from Bam (2003), Roudbar Manjil (1989) and Tabas (1978) earthquakes were used. Findings indicated that the historical city of Masouleh has 19 vaults, with the so-called steep and gentle Panj-o-Haft vaults being the most common types. Roman vault-construction methods are the most common techniques employed in Masouleh architecture. Findings also suggested that 78% of the city’s vaults are structurally strong to withstand earthquakes. The Keshah-Sar and Khaneh-Bar Neighborhoods, meantime, hold the highest number of vaults at 37 and 21%, respectively, and the Reihaneh-Bar Neighborhood holds the lowest number of vaults at 10%. Also, the seismic analysis results of the 19 vaults of the city of Masouleh indicated that the gentle Haft-o-Panj vaults, seen in Roman brick-laying forms in the Asad Mahalleh Neighborhood, had the worst structural performance against earthquakes. Meanwhile, the 45° vault, constructed in Roman styles in the Masjed-Bar Neighborhood, featured the best structural performance against earthquakes.

Keywords

References

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Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development
Volume 16, Issue 44 - Serial Number 44
December 2023
Pages 91-110

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History

  • Receive Date: 20 July 2022
  • Revise Date: 18 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 23 November 2023

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