مؤلفه‌های خصایص ترجیحی ساکنان مسکن در پژوهش‌های ساختار معنایی و ابزار-غایت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی خصیصه‌های مسکن و مؤلفه‌های هر یک از این خصیصه‌ها بر اساس ترجیحات بیان‌شده ساکنین در روش‌های ساختار معنایی و ابزار- غایت، انجام شده است. از آنجا که خصیصه‌ها، پایه و اساس بیشتر روش‌ها و تکنیک‌های تحلیلی ترجیحات مسکن می‌باشند، از این‌رو، بدون شناخت آن‌ها، امکان دستیابی به معانی و ارزش‌های حقیقی نهفته در ترجیحات ساکنین جهت ارائه مسکن با کیفیت، وجود نخواهد داشت. جهت حصول به این هدف، ابتدا از طریق مروری نظام‌مند و به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، فهرستی از پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده در زمینه ترجیحات مسکن که روش‌ تحقیق به‌کارگرفته شده در آن‌ها ساختار معنایی و یا زنجیره ابزار- غایت بودند، تهیه شده است. در این مرحله، اطلاعات کیفی به‌صورت توصیفی تحلیل شدند، سپس با استفاده از روش تحقیق تحلیل‌ محتوا، تحلیل‌های استنباطی همراه با تهیه جداول هدف‌- محتوا، تبیین شده است. رویکرد نظری ارائه شده در این پژوهش این امکان را فراهم آورد که هر سه سطح تشکیل‌دهنده مدل‌های مفهومی ساختار معنایی (خصیصه-عملکرد آشکار- عملکرد پنهان) و زنجیره ابزار- غایت (خصیصه- نتیجه- ارزش) را بتوان به‌عنوان خصیصه‌های مسکن در افراد مختلف در نظر گرفت. نتایج نشان دادند که خصیصه‌های اصلی به‌وجود آورنده مسکن را می‌توان در قالب هفت دسته اصلی شامل؛ معانی و ارزش‌ها، سیستم قرارگاه‌های رفتاری، اجزاء و عناصر تشکیل‌دهنده فضا، خصوصیات کالبدی، عملکرد، کیفیت، و قابلیت تقسیم‌بندی نمود. بر اساس تحلیل‌های انجام گرفته، خصیصه‌های خصوصیات کالبدی (23.2%)، اجزاء و عناصر تشکیل‌دهنده‌ فضا (16.2%)، سیستم قرارگاه‌های رفتاری (16.2%)، معانی و ارزش‌ها (14.1%)، کیفیت (12.1%)، قابلیت (10.1%) و عملکرد (8.1%)، به ترتیب بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین فراوانی را در بین خصیصه‌های مسکن داشتند که نشان‌دهنده جذابیت نسبی و اهمیت بیشتر این خصیصه‌ها برای ساکنان (پاسخ‌دهندگان در پژوهش‌های منتخب)، بر اساس ترجیحات بیان‌شده‌ آن‌ها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Components of Preferential Attributes of Residents in the Meaning Structure and Means-End Studies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saied Akbari 1
  • Abdolmajid Nourtaghani 2
  • Mahdieh Pazhuhanfar 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The current research aims to identify the housing attributes and the components of each one of these attributes based on the stated preferences of the housing in the meaning structure and means-end methods. Since the attributes are the basis of most of the analytical methods and techniques of the housing preferences, therefore, it will not be possible to achieve the latent meanings and values in the preferences of the residents without recognizing them to provide high-quality housing. To achieve this purpose, first, a list of the studies conducted on the housing preferences, the research method of which had been the meaning structure, and the means-end chain was provided using the systematic review and purposive sampling method. The qualitative information was analyzed using the descriptive method, and then, using the content analysis method, the inferential analysis was explained, providing the purpose-content tables. The presented theoretical approach in the current study provided this opportunity to consider three constituent levels of the conceptual models of the meaning structure (attribute, manifest function- latent function), and means-end chain (attribute-consequence-value) as the attributes of housing in various people. The results showed that the main constituent housing attributes could be divided into seven main groups, including meanings and values, behavior settings system, constituent components and elements of space, physical attributes, function, quality, and affordance. Based on the implemented analysis, the physical characteristics (23.2%), constituent components and elements of space (16.2%), behavior settings system (16.2%), meanings and values (14.1%), quality (12.1%), affordance (10.1%), and function (8.1%), had the maximum and minimum frequencies among the housing attributes, respectively, indicating the relative attraction and importance of most of these attributes for the residents, based on their stated preferences (respondents in the selected studies)

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Preferences
  • Attribute
  • Meaning
  • Value
  • Housing

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معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
دوره 13، شماره 32
آذر 1399
صفحه 1-23

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 دی 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 بهمن 1397

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