معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

بررسی تاثیرات منظر شهری ساختمان‌های بلند از منظر متخصصان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده عمران و معماری، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
2 استاد گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
3 استاد گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیرشهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.
4 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیرشهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2025.497296.2939
چکیده
ساختمان‌های مرتفع با احجام گوناگون، عضو جدایی‌ناپذیر زندگی شهری امروزی (معاصر) هستند و از جنبه‌های مختلف روحیات، روان و دید منظر شهروندان را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهند. در مطالعات گذشته دهه‌های اخیر کم‌تر این مقوله مورد توجه بوده و در شهرهای معاصر شاهد صدور مجوزهای بی‌رویه در ساخت و سازهای بلندمرتبه در خیابان‌های کم گنجایش و محدود شهری هستیم. در مطالعه حاضر تمرکز بر تاثیرات روانی ساختمان مرتفع بر شهروندانی است که به‌طور روزمره و در مناظر شهری با این دسته از ساختمان‌ها مواجه می‌شوند و ناخواسته تحت تاثیرات روانی آن‌ها قرار می‌گیرند. در بخش فرآیند ارزیابی مطالعه، ابتدا مقیاس احیاکنندگی ادراکی (PRS) بومی شده و سپس این نسخه بومی در ادامه فرآیند تحقیق مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. در ادامه بر اساس روش تصمیم‌گیری سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) متخصص‌محور، بر اساس هدف احیای روانی و زیرمعیارهای آن، میزان اهمیت متغیرهای معماری و گیاهی تشکیل‌دهنده منظر ساختمان‌های مرتفع رده‌بندی شد. یافته‌های تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که که فرم پله‌ای ساختمان مرتفع بیش‌ترین و فرم هرمی کم‌ترین احیای روانی را رقم زده است. تحلیل تاثیر پوشش گیاهی بر احیای روانی نیز نشان داد که پوشش گیاهی افقی موثرترین و پوشش گیاهی عمودی کم‌اثرترین گزینه بوده است. همچنین پخشایش پوشش گیاهی در مرکز و بالای ساختمان (در مقایسه با پایین ساختمان) تاثیر چشمگیرتری بر احیای روانی داشته است اما در پخشایش عمودی پوشش گیاهی، استقرار در مرکز احیای بیش‌تری را رقم زده بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Examining the Impacts of Tall Buildings on the Urban Landscape from the Perspective of Experts

نویسندگان English

Pooria SaadatiVaghar 1
Mehrdad KarimiMoshaver 2
Esmaeil Zarghami 3
Abdolhamid Ghanbaran 4
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
3 Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Tall buildings with diverse forms are an inseparable component of contemporary urban life and influence citizens' moods, psychology, and visual perception of urban landscapes in various ways. In recent decades, this issue has received less attention. In contemporary cities, we are witnessing the excessive issuance of permits for high-rise construction along low-capacity, constrained urban streets. The present study focuses on the psychological impacts of tall buildings on citizens who encounter them daily in urban settings and are involuntarily affected by them. In the study's evaluation, the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) was first localized, and this localized version was used in subsequent stages of the research. Next, using the expert-oriented Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision-making method and the goal of psychological restoration, the importance levels of architectural and vegetative variables that form the landscape of tall buildings were ranked. The present study found that the stepped-like form of tall buildings resulted in the highest level of psychological restoration, while the pyramidal form produced the lowest. Analysis of the effect of vegetation cover on psychological restoration indicated that horizontal vegetation cover was the most effective, whereas vertical vegetation cover was the least effective. In addition, vegetation distribution in the middle and upper parts of the building (compared to the lower part) had a more significant impact on psychological restoration; however, in the vertical distribution of vegetation, placement at the center resulted in greater restoration.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Form
Vegetation Cover
Environmental Psychology
Psychological Restoration
Tall Building
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دوره 18، شماره 52
پاییز 1404
صفحه 57-77

  • تاریخ دریافت 23 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 25 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 شهریور 1404