شناخت مولفه‌‌های کالبدی فضایی کیفیت فضامندی در فضای داخلی مسکن آپارتمانی بر اساس دیدگاه متخصصان

چگنی, فرهاد; افشاری, محسن; صالح صدق‌پور, بهرام

doi:10.22034/aaud.2025.501860.2947

شناخت مولفه‌‌های کالبدی فضایی کیفیت فضامندی در فضای داخلی مسکن آپارتمانی بر اساس دیدگاه متخصصان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فرهاد چگنی ¹

محسن افشاری ²

بهرام صالح صدق‌پور ³

¹ دانشجوی دکترای معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

² دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

³ دانشیارگروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2025.501860.2947

چکیده

رشد شهرنشینی، افزایش قیمت زمین و هزینه‌‌های ساخت موجب محدود شدن ابعاد فضای داخلی در محیط مسکونی شده است. اهمیت توجه به فضای داخلی مسکن، به منظور پاسخگویی به نیازهای ساکنین، بر کسی پوشیده نیست؛ این در حالی است که امروزه غالب فضاهای زندگی ما در سطح شهرها به صورت آپارتمانی است؛ آپارتمان‌‌هایی کوچک با ابعاد فضایی محدود. کاهش چشم‌‌گیر ابعاد کمی آپارتمان‌‌ها، فضاهای داخلی مسکونی برخوردار از بزرگی و فراخی را مطلوب می‌‌نماید. یکی از کیفیت‌‌های فضایی که سبب بزرگی فضای داخلی شده و موجب ایجاد رضایتمندی در ساکنین مسکن آپارتمانی می‌‌شود، بهره‌‌گیری از کیفیت فضامندی و مولفه‌‌های آن است. تمرکز پژوهش حاضر، فهم مولفه‌‌های تاثیرگذار کیفیت فضامندی به منظور بهبود فضای داخلی مسکن آپارتمانی از دیدگاه متخصصین می‌‌باشد. در همین راستا پژوهش حاضر رویکردی اکتشافی داشته و از روش ترکیبی (کمی و کیفی) بهره می‌‌برد. جامعه آماری پژوهش 20 نفر از اعضای هیات علمی معماری و متخصصین روان‌شناسی محیط بوده و نمونه‌‌گیری به صورت تلفیقی از نمونه‌‌گیری‌‌های نظری به ویژه برای نفرات اول و نمونه‌‌گیری گلوله برفی برای نفرات بعدی انجام می‌‌شود. این پژوهش در سه مرحله صورت پذیرفته است: در مرحله اول بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانه‌‌ای به شناخت مولفه‌‌های کالبدی فضایی مرتبط با کیفیت فضامندی پرداخته شد. در مرحله دوم بر اساس روش دلفی و در دو دور پرسش‌نامه ویژه متخصصین تکمیل گردید. مرحله سوم داده‌‌های حاصل از پرسش‌نامه دور دوم متخصصین بر اساس روش تحلیل عامل اکتشافی (Q) و آزمون KMO و کرویت بارتلت در نرم‌افزار Spss-26 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که بهره‌‌گیری از مولفه‌‌های کالبدی فضایی روشنایی فضا، چشم‌‌انداز به فضای باز، گشایش فضایی، انعطاف‌‌پذیری، سازمان‌‌دهی بازشوها، پیوستگی فضایی و تناسبات کف و سقف سبب بهبود کیفیت فضای داخلی برای ساکنین شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کیفیت فضامندی

مسکن آپارتمانی

فضای داخل

تحلیل عامل اکتشافی

عنوان مقاله English

Identification of the Spatial-Physical Components of Spaciousness Quality in the Interior Space of Apartment Housing Based on Experts’ Perspectives

نویسندگان English

Farhad Chegeni ¹

Mohsen Afshari ²

Bahram Saleh Sadeghpour ³

¹ Ph.D. Candidate in Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Isfahan University of Art, Isfahan, Iran.

² Associate Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Isfahan University of Art, Isfahan, Iran (Corresponding Author).

³ Associate Professor of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده English

Urbanization, rising land prices, and construction costs have led to a reduction in interior spatial dimensions in residential environments. The importance of considering the interior space of housing to meet residents’ needs is unquestionable; meanwhile, most of today's living spaces in cities are apartments, small, with limited spatial dimensions. The significant reduction in the quantitative dimensions of apartments makes spacious, open residential interior spaces desirable. One of the spatial qualities that makes the interior space larger and creates satisfaction among apartment dwellers is the use of spaciousness quality and its components. The focus of the present study is to understand the influential components of spaciousness quality in order to improve the interior space of apartment dwellings from the perspective of experts. Accordingly, this research follows an exploratory approach and employs a mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative) strategy. The statistical population consists of 20 faculty members in architecture and experts in environmental psychology, and sampling is conducted using a combined theoretical and snowball sampling approach, with theoretical sampling used primarily for the initial participants and snowball sampling for subsequent participants. This research was carried out in three stages: in the first stage, based on library studies, the spatial-physical components associated with spaciousness quality were identified. In the second stage, using the Delphi method, a two-round expert questionnaire was completed. In the third stage, the data from the second-round questionnaire were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (Q), along with KMO and Bartlett’s tests, in SPSS-26. The findings indicate that using spatial-physical components, such as spatial lighting, views toward open space, spatial openness, flexibility, organization of openings, spatial continuity, and floor–ceiling proportions, improves the quality of interior space for residents.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Spaciousness Quality

Apartment Housing

Interior Space

Exploratory Factor Analysis

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