Effective Patterns in the Formation and Spatial Evolution of Iran’s Schools during the Seljuk Period and Post-Seljuk Evolved Schools

Mohseni, Mansooreh; Karami, Islam

doi:10.22034/aaud.2023.405617.2800

Effective Patterns in the Formation and Spatial Evolution of Iran’s Schools during the Seljuk Period and Post-Seljuk Evolved Schools

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mansooreh Mohseni ¹

Islam Karami ²

¹ Instructor of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Architectural Engineering and Urbanism, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran (Corresponding Author).

² Assistant Professor of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Architectural Engineering and Urbanism, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.

10.22034/aaud.2023.405617.2800

Abstract

Seljuk schools are milestones in the architecture of Iran’s schools. These schools provided some features that the next schools followed their principles. However, the question is what kind of buildings influenced the structural pattern of schools constructed during the Seljuk period and afterward, and what is the architectural background of the main special elements and effective patterns in the formation and spatial evolution of these schools? This study aims to find the structural history of formal schools constructed in Iran after the Seljuk Era. Some researchers have presented theories about the root of schools that are attributed to specific building types. Regarding the lack of unity in these theories the reformist view of the authors to the historical-evolutionary approach, and the multifunctionality of schools’ bodies, the authors of this study believe that certain patterns have influenced the formation of Seljuk schools and their evolution. Therefore, this study examined the patterns of buildings affecting structural elements of Seljuk schools (primitive type) and post-Seljuk schools (evolved type) through structural analysis, by using historical research, case studies, and descriptive-analytical methods. Findings indicate that core elements of Seljuk and post-Seljuk schools, regarding their specific functions- have inherited features of various buildings and have been influenced by the patterns of these buildings. Moreover, Seljuk schools (primitive type) are rooted in a nine-part introverted Achaemenid pattern while post-Seljuk schools (evolved type) are rooted in the combination of a nine-part introverted and extroverted Achaemenid pattern. In general, the nine-part Achaemenid pattern is the initial cell of the formation of Seljuk and post-Seljuk schools. Regarding its meaning richness and structural flexibility, this ancient pattern can be still considered a golden model in designing educational spaces.

Keywords

Seljuk Schools (Primitive Type)

Post-Seljuk Schools (Evolved Type)

Core Cell

Evolution

Pattern

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