Agriculture and animal husbandry were the mainstays of the Iranian economy until the end of the Qajar period, and many of their systems can be identified across the geographical extent of Iran. In this manner of them is the agricultural heritage of Ghoshchi in west azerbayjan province, which included elements such as gardens, agricultural lands, canals, and historical towers. The components of this system had functional and physical continuity until previous decades, but now, in the course of urban and rural development, they have lost their function and are in the process of decay. So the research problem is the lack of sufficient knowledge about this system and its components and the need to obtain more information in this field. This article aims to take a general look at the agricultural heritage system of Ghoshchi and to examine in detail the historical towers as one of its important and hidden components. For this purpose, two questions are raised about the characteristics of historical towers and their functional role. The aim of the research is to better understand and introduce the agricultural heritage of Ghoshchi city, and to achieve this goal, a descriptive-analytical method has been used.
The findings have shown that historical towers, as part of the agricultural heritage of Ghoshchi, were formed by the local community due to the lack of stability and security during the Qajar period and have played an active role in the village from a biological and livelihood perspective. This article examines them based on qualities such as function, location, ownership, geometry, structure, and construction period, and considers them to be divisible into two types: observation and cultivation. They require documentation and registration on the national register of historic Places and have a meaningful connection to the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS).