نگرشی نشانه‌شناسانه به عناصر محور تاریخی خیابان سپه قزوین و خوانش هویت مکانی آن از منظر پدیدارشناسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

نشانه‌های شهری از جمله عناصر کالبدی شاخص در فضای شهری محسوب می‌شوند که به‌سبب حضور در خاطرات جمعی و فردی شهروندان نقش مؤثری در هویت مکانی ایفا می‌کنند. بدین‌ترتیب فرآیند خوانش نشانه‌ها و بررسی لایه‌های مختلف معنایی آن‌ها می‌توانند به‌عنوان ابزاری ارزشمند جهت سنجش هویت شهری به حساب آیند. با توجه به گستره وسیع مؤلفه‌های بررسی هویت شهری، این پژوهش سعی بر‌آن دارد تا از خلال خوانش نشانه‌های شهری و به‌تبع آن احساس هویت به فضا از رویکرد پدیدارشناسی و نشانه‌شناسی نسبت به عناصر محور تاریخی خیابان سپه قزوین استفاده‌ نماید. خیابان سپه به‌عنوان نخستین خیابان طراحی‌شده ایران از عصر صفوی تاکنون، دارای ساختار کالبدی و مفهومی نظام‌یافته‌ای ‌است که مطالعه آن ‌را به‌عنوان یکی از ارکان معرفی هویت شهر به موضوعی درخور تامل تبدیل می‌کند. در این راستا فرض برآن است که ارتباط میان نشانه‌های مهم و تاریخی خیابان سپه از منظر نشانه‌شناسی دارای نقشی تأثیرگذار در خوانش هویت مکانی خیابان در ادراک ذهنی و عینی شهروندان از منظر پدیدارشناسانه‌ است. بر این اساس هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناخت ماهیت نشانه‌های شهری خیابان سپه در رابطه با هویت آن به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و پیمایشی است. بدین‌ترتیب ابتدا به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، ویژگی‌های‌ نشانه‌های هویت‌ساز فضای شهری مشخص و سپس روش پیمایشی با کاربست مؤلفه‌های انتخابی به روش پدیدارشناسی در قالب پرسش‌نامه، مصاحبه با شهروندان و مشاهده در مورد مطالعاتی، به روش کدگذاری و تحلیل‌‌های انجام شده با نرم‌افزار SPSS 20  به آزمون گذاشته می‌شوند. نتیجه پژوهش حاضر بیانگر آن است که میان مؤلفه‌های مشترک پدیدارشناسی هویت و نشانه‌های محور خیابان از منظر نشانه‌شناسی ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد. بدین‌ترتیب که ارتباط غنی نشانه‌ها با یکدیگر، ویژگی‌های کالبدی،کارکردی و معنایی آن‌ها و تعامل دو سویه با شهروندان در فرآیند ادراک خیابان و ثبات و پایداری در ذهنیت شهروندان، دارای ارتباطی مستقیم با هویت و ماندگاری خیابان در خاطره جمعی و فردی مردم می‌باشد

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Semiotic Approach to the Elements of the Historical Axis of Sepah Street in Qazvin and Reading of its Spatial Identity from a Phenomenological Perspective

نویسندگان [English]

  • Noushin Sekhavatdoust 1
  • Fariba Alborzi 2
1 M.A. of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

Landmarks are among the outstanding physical elements of urban spaces and play an effective role in forming spatial identity due to their presence in citizens’ collective and individual memories. Thus, the process of reading landmarks and studying their different semantic layers can be considered as a valuable tool for assessing urban identity. Given the wide range of components of urban identity, in the present study, it is attempted to use a semiotic and phenomenological approach to the elements of the historical axis of Sepah Street in Qazvin to read landmarks and thereby, sense of identity to space. Since Sepah Street, as the first designed street in Iran since the Safavid era, has an organized physical and conceptual structure, the study of which as one of the elements introducing the city identity is significant. To do this, it is assumed that the semiotic relationship between important and historical landmarks of Sepah Street plays an effective role in reading the spatial identity of the street in citizens’ mental and objective perception from a phenomenological perspective. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify the nature of landmarks in Sepah Street in relation to its identity using descriptive-analytical and survey methods. First, using a descriptive-analytical method, the characteristics of landmarks identifying an urban space are identified, and then, through a survey method, the selected components are phenomenologically tested using a research-made questionnaire, interview with citizens and observation of the case study. Then the data are analyzed using a coding method and SPSS 20 software. The results of the present study indicate that there is a significant semiotic relationship between the common phenomenological components of identity and landmarks so that the rich relationships between landmarks, their physical, functional and semantic characteristics and mutual interaction with citizens in the process of perception of street and being stable and memorable in citizens’ minds directly play a role in forming the identity of the street and making it perdurable in people’s collective and personal memory.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Semiotics
  • Landmark
  • Phenomenology
  • Spatial Identity
  • Historical Axis of Sepah Street in Qazvin
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