یادگیری طراحانه سازه‌‌های نوین: رویکرد هم‌زمانی و هم‌مکانی در جهت ارتقای توانایی طراحی معماری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات افق‌های نوین در معماری و شهرسازی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین علل ناکامی معماری معاصر ایران، عدم شناخت و بهره‌گیری از نوآوری در فناوری سیستم‌‌های نوین سازه‌ای است. معمار باید از قابلیت‌های فناوری روز، استفاده نماید و این امر مستلزم توانایی وی در به‌کارگیری خلاقانه سیستم‌‌های مدرن سازه‌ای در فرآیند طراحی است. جهت دستیابی به این مسئله مهم، آموزش هدفمند درس سازه‌‌های نو و به‌کارگیری مؤثر و کارآمد در فرآیند طراحی جهت افزایش مهارت توانایی در دانشکده‌های معماری ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. هدف این تحقیق تبیین راهکار آموزشی کارآمد در جهت ارتقای توانایی طراحی معماری مبتنی بر یادگیری طراحانه و فناوری‌های نوین سازه‌ای است. این راهکار علمی، برآیند دوجانبه توسعه توان طراحی و اتخاذ رویکرد سازنده‌گرایی در یادگیری تعامل‌گرای دانشجویان معماری است. در همین راستا این پژوهش با هدف بررسی میزان اثرگذاری هم‌زمانی و هم‌مکانی در یکپارچگی توأمان سازه‌‌های نوین بر مهارت توانایی طراحی معماری دانشجویان شکل گرفته است. پرسش اصلی تحقیق چگونگی انتقال کاربردی و مؤثر یادگیری طراحانه‌ سازه‌های نوین در کارگاه معماری و افزایش مؤلفه‌های توانایی طراحی می‌باشد. روش تحقیق ترکیبی متوالی بر اساس راهبرد شبه آزمایشی، مبنای این پژوهش است. آزمون پژوهش در دو مرحله پیش‌آزمون (پایلوت) در کارگاه طراحی معماری به‌عنوان محیط یادگیری سازنده‌گرای تعاملی انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری تحقیق از دانشجویان ترم سوم کارشناسی ارشد معماری دانشگاه آزاد همدان در سه گروه 15 نفری که یک گروه، اصلی و دو گروه دیگر به‌عنوان گواه (شاهد) انتخاب شدند. داده‌‌های پژوهش بر مبنای مؤلفه‌‌های اصلی تحقیق و آزمون‌‌های متوالی و بر پایه ملاک‌‌های داوری گردآوری شده و تحلیل داوری، مورد سنجش و ارزیابی نهایی قرار گرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش در بخش پیش آزمون (پایلوت) نشان می‌دهد یادگیری هم‌زمان سازه‌های نوین در مکان مشترک آتلیه طراحی به‌صورت عملی، می‌تواند باعث ارتقای مؤلفه‌های اصلی مهارت توانایی طراحی شد و همچنین می‌تواند به‌عنوان الگویی کاربردی در کارگاه‌های دانشکده‌های معماری به‌کار گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Design-Based Learning of New Structures: Integrity and Interface Approach to Improve the Architectural Design Ability

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Haghighi 1
  • Omid Dejdar 2
  • Narges Dehghan 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Advancement in Architecture and Urban Planning Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most significant reasons for Iranian architecture failure is the lack of knowledge and applying innovation in novel structural systems technology in the design process. The architect must utilize the capabilities of new architecture, which requires his/her skill in the creative application of the modern structural systems in the design process. The purposive education of the novel structures course and its effective and functional application in the design process seems necessary to improve the skills in the architecture schools. The current research aims to explain the efficient educational solutions to improve architectural design skills based on design learning and structural novel technologies. This scientific approach is a reciprocal result of developing the ability to design and adopt a constructivist approach in the interactive learning of architecture students. In this regard, the current study is conducted to investigate the effectiveness of integrity and interface in the simultaneous integration of the new structures in the students' architectural design skills. The main research question is how to transfer practical and effective design-based learning of new structures in the architecture workshop and increase the design skill components. The research method is a sequential mixed method based on a quasi-experimental strategy. The research test was conducted in two phases of the pilot trial in the architectural design workshop as an interactive constructive learning environment. The statistical population of research consisted of third-semester master students of Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, in three groups consisting of 15 people. One group was the main group, and two others were selected as the control group. The research data were collected based on the main components of research, and sequential tests were analyzed based on review criteria. The research findings in the pilot trial indicate that simultaneous learning of the novel structures in the commonplace of design atelier practically leads to the improvement of the main components of the design skills. It can also be employed as a practical pattern in the workshops of architecture schools.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Design Ability
  • Constructive Learning
  • Transfer of Learning
  • Pilot Trial
  • New Structures
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