بررسی و تحلیل چگونگی تطابق عوامل کالبدی با ابعاد ادراکی-شناختی حس مکان از منظر فرهنگی- اجتماعی، مورد مطالعاتی: فضاهای عمومی شهر کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

در شرایط جامعه امروز به‌ویژه ضعف کیفی فضاهای عمومی، توجه به رابطه انسان- محیط در قالب دانش روانشناسی محیطی و تحقق مراتب بالای حس مکان به‌واسطه فرآیند طراحی معماری از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار می‌باشد. از آنجایی که چگونگی ادراک محیطی و ایجاد حس مکان در هر فرهنگ، متفاوت از دیگری است طراحی در هر محیط مستلزم شناخت فرهنگ حاکم خواهد بود. بنابراین سؤال اصلی تحقیق حاضر این است که عوامل فرهنگی- اجتماعی چه تأثیری در فرآیند ادراک و شناخت مؤلفه‌های کالبدی حس مکان در فضاهای عمومی داشته و چگونه می‌توان تأثیر آن‌ها را در قالب یک مدل تبیینی، بررسی نمود؟ لذا هدف پژوهش، بررسی چگونگی تحقق حس مکان در فضاهای عمومی با توجه به متغیر تعدیل‌کننده فرهنگ و تطابق عوامل کالبدی این فضاها با ابعاد ادراکی- شناختی ذهن و ارائه نتیجه به صورت یک مدل بوده که در قالب یک مطالعه موردی، اعتبارسنجی می‌شود. این تحقیق از حیث هدف، از نوع توسعه‌ای- کاربردی می‌باشد که در مرحله اول با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی پیش رفته و با کنکاش در نظریه‌های محققان پیشین به یک مدل تبیینی می‌انجامد. در مرحله بعد با راهبردی پیمایشی و سنجش نظر افراد در باب نمونه‌های موردی به‌ صورت آماری تکمیل‌ می‌شود. نتایج پژوهش، چگونگی شکل‌‌گیری فرآیند حس مکان و تحقق مراتب بالای آن از لحظه حضور فرد در مکان را با تأکید بر تأثیر جریان‌های فرهنگی- اجتماعی به شکل یک نمودار منعکس می‌کند که در آن، تأثیر خاص بر نحوه ادراک کالبد متناسب با ویژگی‌های شخصیتی مختلف مخاطبان باعث ایجاد سطوح مختلفی از حس مکان در فضاهای عمومی می‌شود. بنابراین با در نظر گرفتن تأثیر مؤلفه فرهنگ، می‌توان به درجات متفاوت رجحان عوامل کالبدی نزد کاربران محیطی هر منطقه خاص دست یافت و با لحاظ تمهیدات حاصل از تحلیل آن‌ها در فضاهای عمومی که اهمیت آن‌ها در اجتماعات انسانی غیرقابل انکار است می‌توان در راستای محقق نمودن مراتب بالایی از حس مکان، افزایش کیفیت زندگی و جبران بحران هویت جوامع امروزی اقدام نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigate and Analyze the Adaptation of Physical Factors with Perceptual-Cognitive Dimensions of the Sense of Place in Public Spaces from Socio-Cultural Perspective; Case Study: Public Spaces in Kermanshah City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parya Khandan 1
  • Hossein Rezaei 2
1 M.A. of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Paying attention to the human-environment relationship in environmental psychology and realizing the higher levels of sense of place through the architectural design process enjoy significant importance in the current society, especially due to the poor quality of the public spaces. Since the environmental perception and creating the sense of place are different in each culture, designing in each environment requires understanding the dominate culture. Therefore, the main question of the research is: How do the socio-cultural factors affect the perception and recognition process of the sense of place physical components in public spaces? Also, how can their effects be studied in an explanatory model? Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the realization of the sense of place in public spaces, considering the culture as a moderator variable and adapting the physical factors of these spaces with the perceptual-cognitive aspects of the mind and present the result as a model. Afterward, this model would be validated in case studies. The current research is applied-developmental one in terms of purpose. In the first phase, the research is conducted using the analytical-descriptive method and results in an explanatory model by investigating the previous researchers’ theories. In the next stage, the current study is completed statistically using the field approach and surveying the opinions of the users in the case studies. The research results reflect how the sense of place process is formed and how its higher levels are realized from the moment an individual is in the place with an emphasis on the impact of the socio-cultural mainstreams in an explanatory model. In which, the specific impact on perceiving the physique appropriate to the various personal features of the users results in creating different levels of sense of place in public spaces. Therefore, considering the effect of the cultural component, it is possible to achieve different degrees of physical factors preferences in users of each specific region. Then, by considering the cultural factors, users' preference of physical factors of the place in any region, can be reached. Also, with concerning the analysis result, and applying them in public spaces, it is possible to achieve a high level of sense of place, increase the quality of life and compensate for the identity crisis of today's societies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sense of Place
  • Environmental Perception
  • Perceptual-Cognitive Dimensions
  • Physical Factors
  • Socio-Cultural Factors
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