ارزیابی تأثیر مؤلفه‌های شکل‌دهنده فرم بر وجوه آن به منظور دستیابی به فرم معماری مطلوب، مورد مطالعاتی: ساختمان سازمان میراث فرهنگی

عالمی, بابک; مجیدی, مرتضی

doi:10.22034/aaud.2021.272595.2420

ارزیابی تأثیر مؤلفه‌های شکل‌دهنده فرم بر وجوه آن به منظور دستیابی به فرم معماری مطلوب، مورد مطالعاتی: ساختمان سازمان میراث فرهنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

² کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2021.272595.2420

چکیده

معماری به وسیله فرم بروز و ظهور می‌یابد. در ایجاد فرم معماری افزون بر عوامل مؤثر بر شکل ظاهری، عوامل تأثیرگذار بر بعد معنایی آن هم اهمیت دارد. اگر ضرورت ایجاد معماری مطلوب، دستیابی به یک فرم مطلوب باشد، می‌توان پرسش کرد که فرم معماری مطلوب چگونه شکل می‌گیرد؟ و عوامل مختلف مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری فرم چه مراتبی باید داشته باشند تا دستیابی به فرم مطلوب ممکن شود؟ این پژوهش با بیان مفهوم فرم و تبیین وجوه مختلف آن تلاش می‌کند که ضمن استخراج عوامل تأثیرگذار بر شکل‌گیری فرم، میزان تأثیر این عوامل را مشخص و دسته‌بندی‌کند. به همین منظور با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و با مطالعه منابع کتابخانه‌ای ضمن بررسی مفهوم فرم و وجوه مختلف آن، با تأکید بر فرم معماری، عوامل تأثیرگذار در خلق و ایجاد آن، از میان متون و منابع گردآوری دسته‌بندی گردید. برای ایجاد یک اولویت‌بندی صحیح از این عوامل، با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه از صاحب‌نظران و افراد حرفه‌ای،‌ میزان تأثیرگذاری هر یک از عوامل بر مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرم، جمع‌آوری گردید و یافته‌های به‌دست ‌آمده با استفاده از روش‌های آماری SPSS و AHP تحلیل گردید. پس از مشخص شدن میزان تأثیرگذاری عوامل، همبستگی آن‌ها و رابطه معنادار بین آن‌ها و مؤلفه‌های مختلف، این عوامل اولویت‌بندی شدند. به منظور آزمون یافته‌های پژوهش، تأثیر عوامل مختلف بر شکل‌گیری فرم ساختمان سازمان میراث فرهنگی کشور به عنوان یک بنای ارزشمند در معماری معاصر ایران، سنجیده شد که نتایج آن، یافته‌های پژوهش را تأیید می‌کند. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که عوامل پر اهمیت بر شکل‌گیری فرم معماری مطلوب به ترتیب شامل توجه به محیط تاریخی، توجه به محیط طبیعی، هندسه متناسب، هماهنگی اجزا، پیروی از ارزش‌ها، مبتنی بر اندیشه‌ها و مصالح مناسب می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Components Constituting Form and their Effects on Form Features to Achieve a Desirable Architectural Form; Case Study: Cultural Heritage Organization Building

نویسندگان [English]

Babak Alemi ¹
Morteza Majidi ²

¹ Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Art, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran (Corresponding Author).

² M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Art, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Architecture is represented by forms. In architectural forms, factors affecting the apparent and semantic dimensions of forms are highly important. If desirable architecture aims to achieve a desirable form, the questions that arise are: “How is a desirable architectural form achieved?” and “What are the factors affecting the formation of a desirable form?”. This study described the concept of form, explained its various features to extract factors that affect its formation, and determined and classified the effects of these factors. For this, this study used the descriptive-analytical method and studied library sources to investigate the concept of form and its various features and to emphasize an architectural form to collect and classify factors that affect its formation. To appropriately prioritize these factors, a questionnaire was given to experts and professionals to determine the effects of each of these factors on various components of the form. Findings were also analyzed by SPSS and AHP statistical methods. After the effects of factors were determined, their correlation and the significant relationship between them and various components were prioritized. To test the study hypotheses, the effect of various factors on the form of the Cultural Heritage Organization Building as a valuable building in contemporary Iranian architecture was measured. The results also confirmed the study findings. Results indicated that the significant factors affecting the formation of desirable architectural forms were attention to a historical environment, a natural environment, proportionate geometry, harmony between components, compliance with values, thoughts, and appropriate materials.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Form
Various Features of Form
Desirable Architectural Form
Factors Affecting Form
Cultural Heritage Organization

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