چالش‌های پیش روی نواحی نوسازی‌شده در ایران با تاکید بر شکل‌‌گیری پدیده اعیان‌‌سازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

3 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2023.299538.2530

چکیده

استفاده از رویکرد نوسازی‌شهری در طرح‌ها و سیاست‌ها منجر به شکل‌گیری پدیده اعیان‌‌سازی در برخی از نواحی شهری می‌‌شود. این پدیده با چالش‌ها و پیامدهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی بسیاری از جمله افزایش نابرابری و عدالت شهری، اعمال فشارهای ناشی از جابجایی و تقاضای مسکن به نواحی فقیرنشین مجاور، افزایش قیمت املاک، تغییر ماهیت خدمات محلی، کاهش سرمایه‌های اجتماعی و غیره روبه‌رو می‌باشد. مقاله حاضر از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش انجام آن توصیفی و تحلیلی می‌‌باشد و به منظور گردآوری داده‌‌ها از شیوه‌‌های اسنادی و کتابخانه‌‌ای استفاده و روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و بازبینی سیستماتیک داده‌‌ها برای دستیابی به توسعه مدل مفهومی برآمده از داده‌‌های متنی پژوهش‌‌های پیشین (به عنوان داده‌‌های ثانویه) مورد استفاده قرار گرفته و به منظور استخراج چالش‌‌های پیش روی نوسازی شهری، 89 مقاله از پایگاه‌‌های اطلاعاتی SID, Civilica, Magiran, Scopus, ScienceDirect و 10 پایان‌‌نامه و رساله مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌اند. هدف این مقاله بررسی نواحی نوسازی‌شده با تاکید بر شکل‌‌گیری پدیده اعیان‌‌سازی در این نواحی در راستای پاسخ به این پرسش می‌‌باشد که چالش‌‌های پیش‌‌رو در نواحی نوسازی‌شده با شکل‌‌گیری پدیده اعیان‌‌سازی کدام است؟ نتایج بررسی‌‌ها نشان می‌‌دهد که از میان 20 زیرمقوله‌‌ی استخراج‌شده، زیرمقوله‌‌های «بافت فرسوده» دارای بیش‌ترین فراوانی و زیرمقوله‌های «هویت مکان، احیاء، انسجام اجتماعی، اقشار کم‌درآمد و جابجایی جمعیت» دارای کم‌‌ترین فراوانی می‌‌باشد؛ این امر بیانگر این است که پیامدها و مقوله‌‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی کم‌‌تر مورد توجه بوده و مسائلی هم‌چون هویت و حس تعلق به مکان در این نواحی کم‌‌تر و به صورت محدود مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Challenges to Renovated Areas in Iran with Emphasis on the Gentrification Phenomenon

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadreza Pourjafar 1
  • Somayeh Jalili Sadrabad 2
  • Zeynab Nikpour 3
1 Professor of Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Candidate of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
3 M.A. of Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Application of urban renewal approach in designs and policies leads to the formation of gentrification phenomenon in some urban areas. This phenomenon occurs with numerous social and economic challenges and consequences, such as higher urban inequalities and injustice, pressures imposed by housing demand and displacement to adjacent slums, higher house prices, changes in local services, lower social capital, etc. The present paper was an applied study that was conducted based on descriptive and analytical methods, and data collection was done through documentary and bibliographic techniques. Moreover, qualitative content analysis and systematic review of data were employed to develop the conceptual model derived from textual data of previous studies (as secondary data). To extract the challenges to urban renewal, 89 papers were retrieved from ScienceDirect, Scopus, Magiran, Civilica, and SID databases, and 10 theses and dissertations were reviewed. The extant study aims to examine the renovated areas with an emphasis on the gentrification phenomenon in these areas to find challenges to renovated areas with the formation of the gentrification phenomenon. According to the results, among 20 extracted subcategories, "worn out fabric" had the highest frequency, and subcategories "place identity, revival, social cohesion, low-income classes, and population displacement" had the lowest frequencies. Therefore, social and cultural consequences and themes have received less attention, and some issues such as identity and sense of belonging to place have been examined less and limited.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Upcoming Challenges
  • Renovated Areas
  • Gentrification Phenomenon
  • Iran
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