بررسی شاخص‌های تاثیرگذار بر طراحی دبستان و مرکز خلاقیت کودکان با تاکید بر ارتقا خلاقیت محیطی و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در کودکان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

2 استاد گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2023.347798.2681

چکیده

جامعه امروز برای انجام فعالیت‌های خود به تربیت کودکان خلاق نیاز دارد. در سال‌های گذشته پژوهش‌های بسیاری در این زمینه انجام گردیده اما به تاثیر نوع طراحی فضای معماری در پرورش خلاقیت، توجه کم‌تری شده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر سعی دارد تا شاخصه‌های تاثیرگذار بر خلاقیت و مهارت‌آموزی درکودکان را شناسایی نماید. هدف اصلی پژوهش خلق فضایی برای رشد فکری و پرورش مهارت‌های اجتماعی کودکان رده سنی ۲ تا۱۰سال و ایجاد انگیزه‌های درونی و به چالش کشیدن نگرش‌ها و پرورش مهارت‌ها و بررسی نقش آموزش و تأثیر معماری بر محیط آموزشی می‌باشد. سوال اصلی پژوهش را می‌توان این‌گونه بیان نمود که آیا شاخص‌های تاثیرگذار در طراحی دبستان و مرکز خلاقیت کودکان می‌تواند منجر به ارتقاء خلاقیت و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در محیط‌های آموزشی شود؟ در این پژوهش از روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و گردآوری به روش اسنادی، مصاحبه (پرسش‌نامه)، بازدید میدانی و مشاهده استفاده گردیده است. سوالات پرسش‌نامه بین جامعه آماری (افراد عادی، مربیان، والدین فرزندان) توزیع و فرضیات مطرح و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و یافته‌ها مطابق با شاخص‌های تاثیرگذار برای طراحی دبستان و مرکز خلاقیت با بهره‌گیری از ابزارها و روش‌های تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) برای شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی عناصر و روش تحلیل (SWOT) برای ارزیابی نقاط ضعف و قدرت و نرم‌افزار (SPSS) برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری و از برنامه (EXCEL) برای تفکیک و ساماندهی نتایج استفاده گردید. درنهایت این نتیجه‌گیری حاصل گردید که شاخص‌های کالبدی و عوامل طبیعی محیط بیرون و متغیرهای فرهنگی و اجتماعی و استفاده از المان‌های معماریِ مورد علاقه کودکان، در کنار طراحی معمارانه و ایجاد خوانایی در طراحی نقش تسهیل‌کننده‌ای در بروز خلاقیت و مهارت‌های اجتماعی دارد. با توجه به مؤلفه‌های طراحی، فضای کودک در فضاهای انتخاب‌شده استتنتاج شد که مؤلفه‌های طراحی اثر مثبت بر رشد خلاقیت و مهارت‌آموزی کودک داشته و فرضیات تحقیق که به دنبال اثبات تاثیر مولفه‌های کالبدی فضای کودک بر رشد خلاقیت و مهارت‌آموزی بوده محقق گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Indicators Affecting the Design of Elementary Schools and Children's Creativity Centers with Emphasis on Promoting Environmental Quality and Increasing the Social Skills of Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Sadat Ghodrati 1
  • Behrooz Darvish 2
  • Neda Balanian 2
1 M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Professor of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Modern society must encourage creative children to do its activities. Many studies have examined this topic over recent years, but the effect of architectural space design on creativity flourishing has received less attention. Hence, this study aims to identify the indicators affecting creativity and skill training among children. The main purpose of this study is to create a space for intellectual growth and flourishing social skills in children of the 2-10 age range, motivate inner challenges, challenge attitudes, and develop skills, and examine the role of education and the effect of architecture on the educational environment. The key question of this study is whether the indicators affecting the design of the elementary school and children's creativity center can improve creativity and increase social skills in the educational environment. This study used a descriptive-analytical method and collected data through the documentary method, interview (questionnaire), field visits, and observation. The questions of the questionnaire are distributed among statistical society (ordinary individuals, trainers, children's parents), and the hypotheses are designed and evaluated then the findings are analyzed based on the effective indicators for designing elementary schools and creativity centers by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to identify and prioritize the elements, SWOT to evaluate strengths and weaknesses, SPSS software for statistical analysis, and EXCEL software to divide and organize the results. Ultimately, it was concluded physical indicators and natural factors of the outside environments, cultural and social variables, and favorite architectural elements of children in addition to architectural design and creating legibility in design facilitate creativity and social skills. Regarding the design components of child space in the selected settings, it was found that design components have a positive effect on creativity growth and skill training among children. Moreover, research hypotheses that aim to confirm the effect of physical components of child space on activity development and skill training were realized.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Design of Elementary School and Creativity Center
  • Social Skill
  • Creativity
  • Tehran City
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