معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

چالش‌های فارغ‌التحصیلان معماری دانشگاه‌های شهر ارومیه در ابتدای ورود به حرفه با تأکید بر آموزش حرفه‌محور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه معماری، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
2 استادیار گروه معماری، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2024.418284.2829
چکیده
یافتن شغل متناسب با رشته تحصیلی در دانشگاه، از مطالبات فارغ‌‌التحصیلان در هر نظام آموزشی می‌‌باشد. فارغ‌‌التحصیلان رشته معماری به دلیل افزایش تقاضا در سال‌‌های اخیر با چالش‌‌های اساسی در ابتدای ورود به حرفه مواجه می‌‌باشند. هدف از این پژوهش ترکیبی آسیب‌‌شناسی مشکلات فارغ‌‌التحصیلان معماری دانشگاه‌‌های شهر ارومیه در ابتدای ورود به حرفه و ارائه راهکارهایی در جهت آموزش دانشگاهی همسو با حرفه می‌‌باشد. در بخش کیفی، تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌‌ها که از طریق مصاحبه با اساتید و مهندسان معماری و مبتنی بر نظریه‌های حاصل از مرور منابع کتابخانه‌‌ای گردآوری شده، بر اساس نظریه زمینه‌‌ای انجام گردیده است. در بخش کمی از روش پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی استفاده شده و تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌‌ها از طریق نرم‌‌افزار SPSS انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری 100 نفر از فارغ‌‌التحصیلان مقطع کارشناسی معماری در سال‌‌های 1395 تا 1397 در دانشگاه‌‌های دولتی و آزاد ارومیه بوده و برای نمونه‌‌گیری فارغ‌‌التحصیلان از نمونه‌‌گیری هدفمند استفاده گردیده است. یافته‌های تحقیق بیان‌‌ می‌‌نماید که شرایط متفاوت بازار حرفه‌‌ای با دانشگاه، مهارت‌‌های پایین فارغ‌‌التحصیلان، ضعف برخی از اساتید در انتقال مطالب و استفاده از شیوه‌‌های آموزشی نامناسب، تأکید بر آموزش نظری به جای آموزش کارگاهی، کمبود شرایط جذب در نهادهای دولتی و خصوصی از مشکلات اساسی فارغ‌‌التحصیلان می‌‌باشد و استفاده از اساتید با سابقه کار حرفه‌‌ای، همکاری بیش‌تر با سازمان نظام مهندسی جهت حضور دانشجویان در پروژه‌‌های اجرایی و گذراندن دوره‌‌های کارآموزی زیر نظر مهندسان مجرب، استفاده از آموزش ترکیبی و بازنگری در سرفصل آموزشی می‌‌تواند در حل این مشکلات مؤثر باشند. نتایج نشان می‌‌دهد که ریشه مشکلات فارغ‌‌التحصیلان معماری دانشگاه‌‌های شهر ارومیه در هنگام ورود به حرفه به ضعف سیستم آموزشی در تربیت معماران کارآمد باز می‌‌گردد و بازنگری در سرفصل آموزشی و ارتباط بیش‌تر با صنعت و آموزش نظری توأم با کار عملی و کارگاهی زیر نظر مهندسان باتجربه، در رشته معماری می‌‌تواند منجر به آموزش اصولی گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Challenges Facing Architecture Graduates of Urmia City Universities When Admitted to Relevant Professions by Emphasizing Profession-led Education

نویسندگان English

Babak Motiei 1
Abbas Sedaghati 2
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده English

In the context of an educational system, academic graduates seek to find jobs that relate to their educational majors. Due to rising demands in recent years, architecture graduates face fundamental challenges when entering their relevant professions. The goals of this study were to determine the difficulties that face architecture graduates at the universities of Urmia City, Iran, when they are first admitted to their professions, and to present some academic and educational solutions to deal with relevant professions. The qualitative section of the study analyzes data through interviews with architectural professionals and engineers. It also performs a Grounded Theory based on the theories collected from the review of library sources. The quantitative section, meanwhile, applies descriptive-analytical research and analyzes data using the SPSS software. A hundred architecture graduates of B.A. levels (from 2016 to 2018) at public and Azad Universities of Urmia City comprised the statistical population, as purposive sampling was used to take representative samples. Findings show that graduates were dealing with such basic problems as totally different professional market conditions from the university, low graduates’ skills, poor professors’ teaching qualities in conveying materials, poor teaching and educational content, emphasizing theoretical education instead of workshop education, and shortage of recruitment conditions at public and private bodies, among others. To resolve these problems, the study suggested using professional professors, and greater cooperation with the Construction Engineering Organization for students to engage in executive projects and take internship courses under experienced engineers, applying integrated education, and revising educational syllabi. Findings show that poor educational systems in educating would-be experienced and effective architects could explain the problems facing the graduates of Urmia City’s universities as they begin their professions as architects. To tackle this, revising educational syllabi and establishing more communications with the industry and theoretical education, together with practical and workshops under the supervision of experienced engineers in architecture majors, could strengthen systematic education.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Profession-Led Education
Integrated Education
Urmia City Universities
Architecture Graduates
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دوره 17، شماره 47
تابستان 1403
صفحه 113-125

  • تاریخ دریافت 05 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 04 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 04 اردیبهشت 1403