معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

کاربست تکنیک ردیابی چشم در فهم ادراک بصری کاربران از خیابان شهری، مورد مطالعاتی: خیابان عفیف‌آباد شیراز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
3 کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2024.458450.2884
چکیده
این پژوهش در پی آن است که به بررسی نحوه کاربست تکنیک ردیابی چشم در فهم بی‌واسطه ادراک بصری خیابان‌های شهری توسط کاربران بپردازد. به این منظور، ضمن انتخاب خیابان عفیف‌آباد شیراز به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه، با برداشت عکس‌های 360 درجه قابل کاربرد در آزمایشگاه واقعیت مجازی، مواجهه بصری پانزده نفر از دانشجویان معماری و شهرسازی با این تصاویر، به کمک هدست مخصوص و نرم‌افزار Fove برداشت شده و داده‌های حاصل به کمک نرم‌افزار Gaze Analysis مورد تجمیع و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. شاخص «توجه بصری» به کمک دو سنجه «تثبیت» و «ساکاد» و در قالب مؤلفه‌های «کف» ، «آسمان»، «مبلمان»، «پوشش گیاهی» و «ساختمان‌ها» تحلیل شده است. هم‌چنین به منظور افزایش اعتبار روش، پرسش‌نامه‌ای تدوین و ضمن بازدید میدانی و گشت هدایت‌شده توسط جامعه آماری مرحله قبل، تکمیل گردید. یافته‌های پژوهش ضمن ارائه تحلیلی از وضعیت ادراک بصری کاربران از خیابان عفیف‌آباد شیراز و مقایسه بخش‌ها (سکانس‌ها)ی مختلف این خیابان، بیان‌گر ظرفیت تکنیک ردیابی چشم در فهم ادراک بصری شهروندان به‌صورت بلاواسطه از فضاهای شهری است که می‌تواند در تحلیل‌ ابعاد مختلف فضای شهری در نسبت با ادراک بصری شهروندان مورد کاربست قرار گیرد. یافته‌ها هم‌چنین اهمیت وجود ساختمان‌های نشانه‌ای در فرآیند ادراک خیابان‌های شهری، اهمیت توجه به تباین و تأکید در جداره‌های خیابان، تأثیر جداره همکف در مواجهه و تعامل فرد با بدنه خیابان و نیز تأثیر چیدمان و طراحی پوشش گیاهی در فرآیند ادراک خیابان‌های شهری را نشان می‌دهد. نتایج این پژوهش مؤید اهمیت استفاده از روش‌های بلاواسطه‌ی فهم ادراک بصری به عنوان مکمل روش‌های پیشین است و می‌تواند در طرح‌های سامان‌دهی منظر و بازطراحی خیابان‌های شهری توسط طراحان و برنامه‌ریزان شهری مورد کاربست قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Application of the Eye Tracking Technique in Understanding Users’ Visual Perception of Urban Streets; Case Study: Shiraz’s Afif Abad Street

نویسندگان English

Maryam Roosta 1
Kaveh Fattahi 2
Shokoufeh Eslami 3
1 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Associate Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 M.A. of Urban Design, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

This study investigated how the eye-tracking technique could be employed to help understand users’ immediate visual perception of urban streets. For this, Afif-Abad Street in Shiraz City was selected as the case study. After acquiring applicable 360° photos at a virtual reality laboratory, a special headset and the FOVE software were used to record the visual exposure of fifteen Architecture and Urban Planning students to the images, as data were summarized and analyzed using the Gaze Software. Meanwhile, urban designers and policy-makers must understand citizens’ visual encounters with these urban spaces and evaluate their visual preferences in analyzing and redesigning streetscapes based on users’ cognitive preferences”. Also, to enhance the validity of the technique, a questionnaire was developed, which was completed by the statistical population, after a field visit and a guided tour in the earlier stage. Findings led to an analysis of users’ visual perception of the Shiraz Afif Abad Street and a comparison of various sections (sequences) of this street, indicating the capacity of the eye-tracking technique in understanding citizens’ immediate visual perception of urban spaces, which could be employed in analyzing various dimensions of urban spaces in terms of citizens’ visual perception. The findings also indicated the significance of the presence of sign-based buildings within the process of perceiving urban streets, attention to contrasts and differences and emphasis on street walls, the effects of ground-floor walls on the individual’s exposure and interaction with the street body, and the effects of vegetation design and arrangement in the process of perceiving urban streets. The results of this study underscored the significance of using immediate techniques of understanding visual perception as a complementary technique of previous methods while helping urban planners and policy-makers to organize the landscape and redesign urban streets.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Eye Tracking
Virtual Reality
Visual Perception
Urban Street
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دوره 17، شماره 49
زمستان 1403
صفحه 55-70

  • تاریخ دریافت 30 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 09 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 19 آذر 1403