معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

واکاوی عوامل مؤثر بر شادکامی ساکنین در محله‌‌های شهری با روش مردم‌‌نگاری، مورد مطالعاتی: محله دروازه‌‌غار تهران (هرندی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای معماری، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
3 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2025.468624.2901
چکیده
شادکامی، که از دو مؤلفه رضایت کلی از زندگی و تجربه احساسات مثبت در طول روز نشأت می‌گیرد، به میزان قابل توجهی تحت تأثیر نگرش‌ها و کنش‌های فردی در بستر فضایی پیرامونشان قرار دارد. از این رو، اهمیت محیط به عنوان زمینه‌ای که توانایی ایجاد و پرورش زندگی‌های شادمانه برای انسان‌ها را داراست، به‌طور فزاینده‌ای آشکار می‌گردد. در این پژوهش محله دروازه‌‌غار برای بررسی شادکامی انتخاب شده است، زیرا مطالعات نشان می‌دهند که در فضایی ناعادلانه از نقطه‌‌نظر سیاست‌های شادکامی قرار دارد. یکی از عواملی که بیش‌ترین تأثیر در شادکامی را دارد، محیط و عوامل کالبدی (فضاهای معماری) می‌‌باشد. مطالعه حاضر در پی تدوین راهبردهایی است که از طریق مداخله در ساختار فضایی این محله، زمینه را برای تحولات مثبت در تعاملات اجتماعی ساکنین فراهم آورده و با ارتقاء سطح رفاه و سرزندگی ایشان، این محدوده را از سیکل معیوب مشکلات و آسیب‌های اجتماعی رهایی بخشد. تلاش بر این بود تا با بهره‌‌گیری از رویکرد مردم‌‌نگاری شهری به عنوان یکی از روش‌های تحقیق کیفی، تعریف شادکامی در ذهن ساکنان دروازه‌‌غار و عوامل ناشادکامی آن‌ها مورد تحقیق و شناخت قرارگیرد. در ادامه، با اتکا به دانش حاصل از مبانی نظری تحقیق و یافته‌های به‌دست آمده از طریق مطالعات مردم‌نگارانه انجام شده، اقدامات در این محله در دو سطح پیشنهاد شدند. سطح کلان، حوزه اقدام برای تمام محله دروازه‌‌غار است که شامل هدف‌‌گذاری تا تدوین سیاست‌‌های مورد انتظار در حوزه‌‌های اجتماعی- فرهنگی، کالبدی- زیرساختی، زیست‌‌محیطی- بهداشتی و توانمندسازی اقتصادی شهروندان محله دروازه‌‌غار می‌‌شود. در مقیاس خرد، ناحیه جنوب‌غربی محله، در محل تلاقی خیابان‌های شوش و خیام، به دلیل ساختار جمعیتی خاص و ویژگی‌های اجتماعی متمایزش به‌عنوان نقطه شروع مداخله انتخاب شد. بررسی‌ها نشان داد که با تمرکز بر ارتقای کیفیت زندگی زنان و کودکان ساکن دروازه‌غار و فراهم آوردن بسترهایی برای تجربه شادی و احساس امنیت، می‌توان نخستین گام‌های مداخله معماری را برداشت. این اقدام می‌تواند به توانمندسازی این گروه‌ها منجر شده و در بلندمدت با ایجاد رضایتمندی محیطی و تقویت پیوندهای اجتماعی، شادکامی تمامی ساکنان محله را تسهیل کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Residents’ Happiness in Urban Neighborhoods Using the Ethnographic Method; Case Study: Darvazeh Ghar Neighborhood (Harandi), Tehran

نویسندگان English

Delyar Asadi 1
Ghasem Motalebi 2
Rouhollah Rahimi 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
3 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
چکیده English

Happiness, which stems from two components—overall life satisfaction and the experience of positive emotions throughout the day—is significantly influenced by individuals’ attitudes and behaviors within their surrounding spatial context. Accordingly, the importance of the environment as a setting that fosters and nurtures joyful lives becomes increasingly evident. In this research, the Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood was selected for study on happiness, as studies indicate it occupies an underrepresented position in terms of happiness-related policies. One of the most influential factors on happiness is the environment and physical elements (architectural spaces). The present study aims to develop strategies that, through interventions in the spatial structure of the neighborhood, can pave the way for positive transformations in residents’ social interactions, enhance their well-being and vibrancy, and ultimately break the vicious cycle of social issues and harms. The aim was to employ the urban ethnographic approach, one of the qualitative research methods, to investigate and understand the concept of happiness in the minds of Darvazeh Ghar residents and to identify the causes of their unhappiness. Subsequently, based on the knowledge derived from the theoretical foundations of the research and the findings obtained from ethnographic field studies, proposals were made on two levels. At the macro level, the scope of action encompasses the entire Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood, including goal-setting and policy development in the socio-cultural, physical-infrastructural, environmental-health, and economic empowerment domains. At the micro level, the southwestern section of the neighborhood, at the intersection of Shoosh and Khayyam Streets, was selected as the starting point for intervention due to its distinct population structure and unique social characteristics. Findings indicated that by focusing on improving the quality of life for women and children living in Darvazeh Ghar and creating settings conducive to experiencing joy and a sense of security, initial architectural interventions could be undertaken. These actions could empower these groups and, in the long term, facilitate happiness for all neighborhood residents by fostering environmental satisfaction and strengthening social bonds.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Happiness
Environmental Satisfaction
Neighborhood
Darvazeh Ghar
Ethnography
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دوره 18، شماره 50
بهار 1404
صفحه 67-90

  • تاریخ دریافت 29 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 02 فروردین 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 30 فروردین 1404