معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

بازتفسیراصول هویت‌بخش خانه ایرانی در آثار معماران دوره پهلوی دوم بر اساس تغییر نقش زن در خانواده و جامعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
3 استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
4 دانشیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2025.555628.3006
چکیده
در اوایل قرن چهاردهم خورشیدی، ساختار خانه ایرانی متحول و همزمان با تغییر ساختار حکومتی و شیوه دیوان‌سالاری، سبک زندگی خانواده و نقش افراد به‌ویژه زنان، دچار تغییراتی اساسی گردید و به‌تدریج خانه‌های ویلایی فارغ از ریشه‌های تاریخی، جایگزین خانه‌های سنتی ایرانی شدند. در دهه چهل، بعد از رونق ساخت و ساز، به‌واسطه فروش نفت و در شکوفایی اندیشه معماران تحصیل‌کرده دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، هویت خانه ایرانی با توجه به سبک زندگی تازه و تحول نقش افراد، بازتعریف و با ریشه‌های تاریخی خود ارتباط تازه‌ای یافت. مسأله و هدف این پژوهش، بررسیِ چگونگیِ بازتعریف اصول هویت‌بخش خانه ایرانی، بر‌اساس تحول در نظام خانواده و تغییر نقشِ زن در آثار معماران فارغ التحصیل دانشکده هنرهای زیبا می‌باشد. بر این اساس پژوهش به روش ترکیبی، در گام اول به روش کیفی و با مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای به صورت توصیفی- تحلیلی به بررسی اصول هویت‌بخش خانه ایرانی پرداخته و در گام بعد، مؤلفه‌های استخراجی از گام اول، به روش تطبیقی در جامعه نمونه، که شامل انتخاب هدفمند از خانه‌های منتخب این معماران، بررسی تا تغییرات از خلال تغییر نقش افراد به‌ویژه زنان، تحلیل گردد. نتایج تحقیق نشان‌گر بازتعریف اصول فراموش‌شده خانه ایرانی؛ خلوت، تنوع و انعطاف‌پذیری، ارتباطات اجتماعی، محرمیت و ارتباط با طبیعت، با توجه به بازتعریف نقش زن و نظام خانواده در اندیشه معماران فارغ‌التحصیل هنرهای زیبا است؛ اصولی که به‌واسطه حضور معماران تحصیل کرده فرنگی در برخورد با اندیشه مدرن جهانی، کنار گذشته شده بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Reinterpretation of the principles that give identity to the Iranian house in the works of architects of the second Pahlavi period based on the changing role of women in the family and society

نویسندگان English

Elnaz Amirzadehdana 1
Maryam Armaghan 2
mandana yousefi 3
Somayeh Sadat shafiei 4
1 Department of Architecture, Qa, c., Islamic Azad university, Qazvin, Iran
2 Department of Architecture, Qa.c., Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3 Department of Architecture,Qa, , c., Islamic Azad university ,Qazvin, Iran
4 Department of Sociology, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده English

In the early 14th century, contact with the West, the evolution of materials and construction techniques, and the presence of educated Western architects in the construction process transformed the structure of the Iranian house. Simultaneously with the change in the government structure and bureaucratic style, the family lifestyle and the role of individuals, especially women, underwent fundamental changes, and gradually villa houses, devoid of historical roots, replaced traditional Iranian houses. In the 1940s, after the construction boom, due to the sale of oil and the flourishing of the ideas of architects educated at the Faculty of Fine Arts, the identity of the Iranian house was redefined in light of the new lifestyle and the evolution of the role of individuals, and found a new connection with its historical roots. The issue and purpose of this research is to examine how the principles of the identity of the Iranian house were redefined based on the evolution of the family system and the role of women in the works of architects of the second Pahlavi dynasty. Accordingly, the research, using a mixed method, in the first step, qualitatively and with library studies, descriptively-analytically examines the principles that give identity to the Iranian house. In the next step, the extracted components from the first step are examined in a comparative manner in the sample population, which includes a purposeful selection of selected houses of architects who graduated from the Faculty of Fine Arts. The results of the research indicate the consistency of finding the forgotten principles of the Iranian house with regard to the redefinition of the role of women and the family system in the thoughts of architects who graduated from the Faculty of Fine Arts, principles that had been ignored by foreign-educated architects in their dealings with modern global architecture.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

The identity of the Iranian house
the architects of the second Pahlavi dynasty
the role of women and the family
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دوره 18، شماره 53
زمستان 1404
صفحه 17-41

  • تاریخ دریافت 04 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 10 آذر 1404