pilgrimage and mausoleum architecture illustrates the achievements of different historical periods through commemorative and funerary structures. Considering the importance of sacred architecture in Qom in terms of form and function, it is possible to identify frameworks showing the evolution of spatial types in these holy sites from morphological, functional, and perceptual perspectives. This study examines the nature and process of this evolution, as well as morphological concepts derived from selected case studies in the Early Islamic, Ilkhanid, Timurid, Safavid, and Qajar periods in Qom. The research uses a qualitative approach, combining interpretive and historical methods, with data collected through fieldwork and archival sources. It revisits the development of eleven notable sites from these periods, analyzing spatial organization, the relationship of shrine spaces (dome chambers), and how open and enclosed areas are defined within the spatial patterns of these shrines from morphological, functional, and perceptual viewpoints. By analyzing plans, geometric proportions, and spatial structures of Qom’s sacred sites across the Early Islamic, Ilkhanid, Timurid, Safavid, and Qajar periods, the study highlights the gradual evolution of spatial structures and the continuity of architectural elements. The results show that from the Early Islamic to the Qajar periods, Qom’s holy sites exhibit both continuity and gradual transformation in spatial structure, geometric proportions, and architectural patterns. Early-period shrines had simpler geometry and evolving structures, while later periods, especially Timurid and Qajar, display greater geometric cohesion and precise spatial hierarchies. The persistence of the central four-iwan dome chamber pattern from the Ilkhanid to Qajar periods, the diversity of structural types (four-iwan, hypostyle, pavilion), and variations in spatial organization and definitions of open and enclosed spaces reflect the interaction between historical traditions and new functional needs in shrine design.