نقش عرصه‌های باز عمومی دانشکده‌ها بر دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان، مورد مطالعاتی: دانشکده هنرهای زیبای دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

هر ساله هزاران نفر منازل خود را برای تحصیل در دانشگاه‌ها و تجربه محیطی جدید ترک می‌کنند. در طول این جابجایی، یکی از چالش‌های اصلی افراد، عدم انطباق با محیط جدید است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین رابطه عرصه‌های باز عمومی دانشکده‌ها با دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان انجام شد. بر پایه مدل نظری تحقیق، دلبستگی به مکان پیوندی عاطفی، شناختی و رفتاری بین دانشجویان و دانشکده است. از سوی دیگر، عرصه‌های باز عمومی دانشکده، برآیند عوامل کالبدی آن تعریف شد .با استفاده از روش تحقیق پیمایشی، مدل نظری تحقیق در دانشکده هنرهای زیبای دانشگاه تهران به آزمون گذاشته شد. برای گرد‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه بسته پاسخ، و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل آن‌ها از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد. در پژوهش حاضر، ابتدا مدل اندازه‌گیری دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان و عرصه‌های باز عمومی دانشکده به آزمون گذاشته شد؛ شاخص‌های برازش آن‌ها ارزیابی و سپس مدل ساختاری تحقیق مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که عرصه‌های باز عمومی اثر معناداری بر دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان دارد. مطابق با یافته‌ها، مطلوبیت فضاهای ملاقات، مهم‌ترین عامل شکل دهنده و مقوّم دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان هستند. فضاهای ملاقات مطلوب با فراهم‌سازی فرصت‌های برقراری تعامل، می‌توانند موجب ارتقاء تعاملات اجتماعی در بین دانشجویان شوند و به نوبه خود بر دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان مؤثر باشند. بنابراین، طبق نتایج تحقیق مبنی بر نقش محوری تعاملات اجتماعی در شکل‌گیری دلبستگی به مکان دانشجویان، طراحی عرصه‌های باز عمومی دانشکده‌ها می‌بایست به نحوی باشد که موجبات رویارویی و تعاملات هر چه بیشتر دانشجویان با سایرین را فراهم آورد. همچنین، نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که مطلوبیت فضاهای ملاقات به شکل معناداری با وجود عناصر هنری یا معمارانه و مطلوبیت فضای سبز رابطه دارد. عناصر هنری یا معمارانه با شکل‌دهی شخصیت محیطی متمایز و معنادار برای دانشجویان و فضاهای سبز با ایجاد جذابیت بصری نقش خود را ایفاء می‌کنند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Faculties’ Public Open Spaces on Students’ Place Attachment; Case Study: Faculty of Fine Arts of University of Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Talischi 1
  • Sohrab Rezaei 2
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
2 M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Every year, thousands of individuals leave their houses for studying in universities and experiencing a new environment. In the course of such relocation, one of the main challenges of individuals is the lack of adaptation to the new environment. The present study has been carried out with the objective of explaining the relationship between public open spaces in the faculties and the students’ place attachment. Based on the study’s theoretical model, place attachment is an emotional, cognitive and behavioral bond between the students and the faculty. On the other hand, the faculty’s public open spaces have been defined as the resultant of the physical factors. The study’s theoretical model was subjected to test in the fine arts faculty of Tehran University using the survey research method. To gather the data, use was made of a closed-ended questionnaire. Moreover, Structural Equation Modeling was the method of choice for analyzing the answers. In the current research paper, the measurement model of students’ place attachment and the faculty’s public open spaces were seminally tested; their fit indices were subsequently evaluated and the study’s structural model was eventually examined. The study findings indicated that the public open spaces have a significant effect on the students’ attachment to place. Corresponding to the study findings, the favorability of the meeting spaces is the most important factor forming and strengthening the attachment to place in the university students. Favorable meeting spaces set the ground for interaction establishment opportunities so they can enhance the social interactions between the students that can per se effectively influence the students’ attachment to place. Therefore, according to the study results that indicated the main role of social interactions in the formation of attachment to place in the students, the designing of the faculties’ public open spaces should be conducted in such a way that it can result in face-to-face interactions amongst the students to the maximum possible extent. Furthermore, the study results indicated that the favorability of the meeting spaces significantly associated with the existence of artistic or architectural elements and suitability of the green spaces. Artistic or architectural elements play their role by the formation of a distinct and meaningful environmental personality for the students and the green spaces by creating visual fascination.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Faculties’ Public Open Spaces
  • Place Attachment
  • Faculty of Fine Arts
  • Structural Equation Modeling

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معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
دوره 12، شماره 28
آذر 1398
صفحه 59-73

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 اسفند 1395

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