مروری فراروشی بر رویکرد بازیابندگی محیط‌های شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر دکتری شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه توسعه شتابان شهرها و گسترش سبک زندگی شهری، مشکلات روزافزونی چون تضعیف سلامت روانی شهرنشینان را به دنبال داشته است، اگرچه مروری بر پیشینه پژوهش‌های انجام گرفته در قالب رویکرد «محیط‌های بازیابنده» بیانگر وجود مجموعه گسترده و متنوعی از مطالعات پیرامون چگونگی تأثیرگذاری محیط‌های طبیعی بر سلامت روانی انسان‌ها است، اما بررسی نحوه تأثیرگذاری مستقیم محیط‌های مصنوع شهری بر سلامت روانی شهروندان تنها در دهه‌های اخیر و بدون چارچوبی مشخص مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است. این در حالی است که در جامعه علمی ایران نیز اندک پژوهش‌های انجام گرفته پراکنده و آن‌هم در قالب محیط‌های طبیعی و درمانی می‌باشند. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی و معرفی چارچوب روش‌شناختی به‌کار رفته در حوزه مطالعات محیط‌های شهری بازیابنده و مروری بر نتایج آن‌ها به دنبال فراهم کردن بستری مناسب برای پژوهش‌های داخلی است. به این منظور با استفاده از راهبرد پژوهش فراروش، از میان 136مقاله انگلیسی جستجو شده در بازه زمانی 1999-2019، تعداد 30 مقاله انتخاب و با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا و بر اساس طبقه‌بندی لایه‌های پیاز پژوهش ساندرز به صورت جداگانه کدگذاری و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که محیط‌های شهری نیز می‌توانند مشابه محیط‌های طبیعی با رعایت شروطی از کیفیت بازیابی برخوردار باشند. جریان اصلی روش‌شناختی مبتنی بر مطالعات کمی چند روشی با تکیه بر راهبردهای آزمایشی و پیمایشی است که با استفاده از انواع پرسشنامه‌های خود پاسخ محیطی و فردی و از طریق تحلیل‌های آماری پارامتریک مقایسه‌ای و رابطه‌ای هدایت می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Meta-Method Overview of Restorative Urban Environment Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazanin Alizadeh Mohavatekar 1
  • Seyed moslem Seyedolhosseini 2
  • Maryam Ostadi 3
  • Mommad Reza Saffarian tosi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor of Educational Sciences, Department of Educational Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, the rapid expansion of cities and urban lifestyles has led to increasing problems such as urbanites' undermined mental health. Although reviewing studies on the "restorative environment" approach indicates a wide variety of studies on how natural environments influence human mental health, how urban built environments affect urbanites' mental health has been investigated only in recent decades and without a specific framework. This is while even in Iran, only a few studies have been carried out on this issue in natural and therapeutic environment frameworks. The present study aims to identify and introduce the methodological framework used in the studies on restorative urban environments to provide a suitable ground for domestic research by reviewing their results. To this end, using a meta-method approach, out of 136 English articles published in the period 1999-2019, 30 articles are selected. Next, they are coded and analyzed separately based on Saunders's research onion using content analysis. The results show that like natural environments, urban environments can have restorative quality if they observe certain conditions. The main course of methodology is based on quantitative Multiple -method studies relying on experimental and survey strategies. These studies are carried out using various types of environmental and individual self-response questionnaires and comparative and relational parametric statistical analyzes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Restorative Quality
  • Urban Environment
  • Meta-Method
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