بازشناسی الگوی مرکز محله‌های شهر همدان در تناسب با نیازهای زنان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده عمران و معماری، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

2 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه طراحی صنعتی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

فضاهای باز بومی محله‌ای همدان به مثابه حیاط نیمه‌خصوصی- نیمه‌عمومی محله‌های بومی شهر و فضای مکث پویایی برای تعامل و حضور زنان و کودکان در محله محسوب می‌شود. از آن جا که فرهنگ آپارتمان‌نشینی، فضاهای باز خصوصی را به فضاهای حرکتی پیاده و سواره تبدیل کرده است؛ بازشناسی و احیای الگوی فضای باز بومی محله‌ای همدان (الگوی چمن) می‌تواند امکان حضور و تعامل زنان را در فضاهای باز امن محله فراهم سازد و پویایی محله و سلامت اجتماعی زنان و کودکان را ارتقا بخشد. هدف پژوهش کشف و احیا ساختار کالبدی الگوی چمن به عنوان الگویی کارا در تناسب با نیازهای زنان است. روش پژوهش، بررسی موردی پنجاه محله بومی شهر همدان با رویکرد تاریخی- تفسیری و سپس بررسی میدانی ده محله اصیل‌تر با رویکرد مشاهده و بر اساس تهیه شناسنامه می‌باشد. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش شکل ساختاری این میدانچه‌ها ذوزنقه مسطح با مساحتی بین 1000 تا 1280 متر با کشیدگی شمالی جنوبی یا با چرخش مختصری حول این محور گزارش می‌شود. فضای ذوزنقه‌ای با کشیدگی طولی 42 تا 65 متر، متوسط عرض 19 تا 25 متر و با ارتفاع سه تا هفت متر گستردگی بیش‌تری دارد. تعداد مجموع درختان و درختچه‌های این فضای باز بومی محله‌ای بین 20 تا 30 اصله با شیوع گونه توت و زبان گنجشک در میان درختان و کاج در میان درختچه‌ها است. سیستم آب‌رسانی محله با قنات در محله‌های بزرگ‌تر و چشمه در محلات کوچک‌تر بوده است. تعداد واحدهای تجاری 11 تا 23 باب کارگاه تولیدی و بورس صنفی به تناسب ابعاد محله مشهود است. الگوی محله‌محور چمن می‌تواند برآورده کننده جامع نیازهای محیطی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی زنان باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Recognizing the Pattern of Hamedan Neighborhood Center in Accordance with the Needs of Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Faezeh Etemad Sheykholeslami 1
  • Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani 2
  • Seyed Reza Mortezaei 3
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Assistant Professor of Urban, Faculty of Architecture and Environmental Design, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Industrial Design, Faculty of Architecture and Environmental Design, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The local neighborhood open spaces of Hamedan are considered semi-private/semi-public yards for the local neighborhoods of the city and a dynamic pause space for interaction and presence of the women and children in the neighborhood. Since the apartment culture has transformed private open spaces into pedestrian and vehicle spaces, recognizing and reviving the pattern of local neighborhood open spaces of Hamedan (Chaman pattern) can allow the presence and interaction of women in safe open spaces of the neighborhood and promote the dynamism of the neighborhood and the social health of women and children. The current study aimed to explore and restore the physical structure of the Chaman pattern as an efficient pattern in accordance with the women’s needs. The method is the case study of fifty local neighborhoods in Hamedan with a historical-interpretational approach and then a field investigation of ten more original neighborhoods with the observation approach based on preparing an identity repertoire. Based on the results, the structural form of these fields is reported as a flat quadrilateral with an area between 1000 and 1280 meters with a north-south extension or with a slight rotation around this axis. The quadrilateral space with a longitudinal length of 42 to 65 meters, an average width of 19 to 25 meters, and a height of 3 to 7 meters are more prevalent. The total number of trees and shrubs in this local open space is between 20 and 30, with the prevalence of mulberry and ash trees among the trees and pine among the shrubs. The neighborhood's water supply system has been with aqueducts in larger neighborhoods and springs in smaller neighborhoods. The number of commercial units is 11 to 23 production workshops and trade unions in accordance with the dimensions of the neighborhood. The Chaman-based neighborhood model can comprehensively meet women's environmental, socio-cultural, and economic needs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Neighborhood-Centered
  • Neighborhood Center
  • Chaman Pattern
  • Hamedan
  • Women
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