معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر

بررسی تحولات ساختار فضایی شهر تهران و تاثیر طرح توسعه‌محور پیاده بر آن با استفاده از تکنیک نحو فضا، مورد مطالعاتی: طرح توسعه‌محور پیاده 17 شهریور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشگاه سوره، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).
2 استاد گروه مرمت بناها و بافت‌های تاریخی، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه مرمت بناها و بافت‌های تاریخی، دانشکده معماری، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/aaud.2024.402903.2796
چکیده
شهر تهران و ساختار فضایی آن تحت تاثیر شرایط مکانی، زمانی و سایر عوامل اقتصادی و اجتماعی در گذر زمان تغییر و توسعه یافته است. به منظور دستیابی به درک صحیح، از چگونگی تاثیر تغییرات ساختار فضایی و طرح‌های توسعه جدید در محدوده تاریخی شهر، مانند طرح توسعه‌محورهای پیاده، ضرورت شناخت پیشینه شهر و نیز سیر تحول کالبدی فضایی آن فراهم می‌آید تا از این راه عوامل موثر بر بروز تحولات فضایی مورد واکاوی قرار گیرد. در این پژوهش دگرگونی ساختار فضایی شهر، طی دوره‌های تاریخی، بر اساس تحلیل تغییرات میزان هم‌پیوندی روش نحو فضا، انجام می‌گردد. تعیین میزان هم‌پیوندی در مقیاس‌های محله‌ای و فرا‌‌محله‌ای خیابان‌های واقع در محدوده تاریخی، نقش به‌سزایی در ارزش‌گذاری و اولویت‌بندی آن‌ها به منظور پذیرش طرح توسعه‌محور پیاده را دارد، که این پژوهش نتایج اجرای چنین طرح‌هایی را موثر بر انجسام و هم‌پیوندی ساختار تاریخی شهر تلقی می‌نماید و از سوی دیگر نحوه شکل‌گیری آن خیابان خاص قبل از تبدیل شدن به محور پیاده را موثر بر مطلوبیت پیاده‌پذیری آن می‌داند، به‌همین دلیل نگارندگان خیابان‌های واقع در محدوده تاریخی شهر را دسته‌بندی نموده‌اند. این پژوهش از نظر ماهیت و هدف در دسته پژوهش‌های کاربردی قرار می‌گیرد و از راهبرد تفسیری- تاریخی به منظور بازخوانی تحولات کالبدی- ساختاری شهر تهران بهره گرفته، سپس از شبیه‌سازی و تحلیل محتوا، داده‌ها را مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌دهد. یافته‌های حاصل بیانگر آن است که پیاده‌مداری در خیابان 17 شهریور به عنوان موردپژوهی نه‌تنها به حفظ ارزش هم‌پیوندی و انسجام مرکز تاریخی شهر کمک نمی‌کند، بلکه سبب تضعیف شاخصه‌های دسترسی و هم‌پیوندی در مقیاس محله‌ای و فرامحله‌ای می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Evolution of Tehran City’s Spatial Structure and the Influence of the Pedestrian Street Development Plan on It; Using the Space Syntax Technique; Case Study: 17th Shahrivar Pedestrian Street Development Plan

نویسندگان English

Leila Moghimi 1
Pirouz Hanachi 2
Somayeh Fadaei Nezhad Bahramjerdi 3
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Soore International University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
2 Professor of Restoration and Revitalization of Historic Buildings and Fabrics, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Restoration and Revitalization of Historic Buildings and Fabrics, School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The spatial structure of Tehran City has evolved over time due to various factors, including spatial, temporal, and socioeconomic ones. To understand how changes in the city's spatial structure and new development plans, such as pedestrian street projects, have affected its historical areas, it is essential to know the city's history and its physical evolution. This study examines the evolution of Tehran's spatial structure throughout different historical periods by analyzing the degree of integrity using the Space Syntax technique. Assessing the integrity of streets at both neighborhood and supra-neighborhood scales within the historical area is crucial for their valuation and prioritization in accepting pedestrian street development plans. The study argues that implementing these plans can effectively enhance the integration and connectivity of the city’s historical structure while acknowledging that the formation of specific streets before their conversion into pedestrian streets influences their walkability. Therefore, the present study categorizes them. This research is applied, focusing on the physical and structural evolutions of Tehran City through an interpretive-historical approach. The data are analyzed through simulation and content analysis. The findings reveal that pedestrianizing 17th Shahrivar Street, as a case study, fails to preserve the integrity and coherence of the city's historical center, and undermines accessibility and integrity indicators at both neighborhood and supra-neighborhood levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

City Structure
Pedestrian Street Development Plan
Integrity
Space Syntax
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دوره 17، شماره 48
پاییز 1403
صفحه 115-132

  • تاریخ دریافت 28 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 29 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 16 دی 1402