نور روز؛ محرک شادمانی و سلامت روان ساکنین مجتمع‌های مسکونی؛ مورد مطالعاتی: مجتمع‌های مسکونی مناطق 7، 8، 12 و 14 شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استاد معماری، دانشکده معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

ارتباط میان محیط‌های ساخته بشر و کاربران فضاها، ارتباطی دوسویه است به‌گونه‌ای که همچنان که اوضاع و شرایط محیطی بر ساختمان تأثیرگذار است، شرایط و ویژگی‌های ساختمانی نیز به‌شدت کاربران فضا را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. در میان انواع محیط‌های مصنوع، بهبود کیفیت فضای سکونتی به‌عنوان فضایی که باید حامی سلامت جسمی و روانی ساکنین باشد از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است؛ زیرا میزان حضور افراد خانواده در این فضا می‌تواند در جهت بهبود سلامت جسمی و روانی ساکنین کمک شایانی نماید. تأثیرات نور روز به‌عنوان یکی از مؤلفه‌های اصلی ساختمان‌های مسکونی، بر زندگی و حیات انسان‌ها در قالب دو زیرمجموعه روان‌شناسی ادراکی و زیست‌شناسی روانی قابل پی‌جویی است. این در حالی است که راهبردهای رایج نورپردازی عملاً بر بازده انرژی و یا تأمین نور مورد نیاز برای انجام کار متمرکز است و یا به‌صورت مطالعه آزمایشگاهی و در زیر آسمان مصنوعی و بدون حضور انسان انجام ‌یافته است. از این‌رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین میزان ارتباط میان نور روز و سلامت روان و شادمانی ساکنین مجتمع‌های مسکونی و افزایش شادمانی فردی درپی یافتن چگونگی ارتباط میان نور روز و شادمانی ساکنین مجتمع‌های مسکونی در شهر اصفهان است. طرح پژوهش حاضر از نوع علّی- مقایسه‌ای است که به‌واسطه روش پیمایشی به توصیف همبستگی میان متغیرها ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ در ﺳـﺎل 1393-1392 در مجتمع‌های مسکونی کوتاه‌مرتبه (7-3 طبقه) شهر اصفهان پرداخته است. ﺑﺮای تعیین وضعیت شادمانی از اﺑﺰار ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان شادمانی آکسفورد و فوردایس اﺳﺘﻔﺎده شد. ﺳﭙﺲ داده‌ﻫﺎی ﺑﻪ‌دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ نرم‌افزار SPSS و با بهره‌گیری از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﻣﻮرد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرارگرفته است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات نشان داد تفاوت معنی‌داری میان سطح شادمانی ساکنین مجتمع‌های مسکونی و میزان نور هر واحد وجود دارد؛ به این معنی که هرچه میزان نور واحدهای مسکونی بیشتر باشد، ساکنین از سطح شادمانی بالاتری برخوردار هستند. به‌نوعی به‌نظر می‌رسد طراحی بهینه و هدفمند نور روز در فضای سکونت در بهبود سلامت روان افراد و شادمانی ساکنین تأثیرگذار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Daylight, Stimulator of Happiness and Psychological Health of the Inhabitants of Residential Compounds, Case Study: Districts 7, 8, 12 and 14 in the city of Isfahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Javani 1
  • Ramin Madani 2
  • Isa Hojjat 3
1 Ph.D. of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Design, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Professor of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The relationship between manmade environment and spaces’ users is a mutual one in such a way that the same way that the environmental situations and conditions influence the building, the building’s conditions and properties, as well, intensively influence the space users. The improvement of the residential spaces inter alia the various kinds of artificial environments that have to support the physical and psychological health of the residents is of a great importance because the family members’ presence in this space can considerably contribute to the betterment of their physical and psychological health. The effects of the daylight as one of the primary indicators of the residential buildings on the humans’ life and liveliness can be assessed within the format of two subsystems, namely perceptional psychology and psychological biology. This is while the common lighting strategies are concentrated on the energy output and/or supply of the required light for performing the tasks and/or they have been devised in laboratory explorations and under artificial sky and with no presence of the human beings. Thus, the present study has been conducted with the objective of elaborating the relationship between daylight and psychological health and happiness of the inhabitants of the residential compounds and increasing of the individual happiness so as to figure out the quality of the relationship between the daylight and happiness of the inhabitants of the residential compounds in the city of Isfahan. The study has been carried out based on a causal-comparative plan and makes use of a survey method to describe the correlation between the variables through taking advantage of a cross-sectional method during the years from 2013 to 2014 in low-rise buildings (3-7 storeys) in Isfahan. To determine the happiness status, use has been made of Oxford and Fordyce’s happiness assessment instrument.  Then, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS via taking advantage of the descriptive statistics. The data analyses indicated that there is a significant difference between the happiness levels of the inhabitants of the residential complexes and the amount of light entering each unit meaning that the higher the light entering the residential units, the more the inhabitants are happy. It seems that the optimal and purposive designing of the daylight in the residence space somehow influences the improvement of the inhabitants’ psychological health and happiness. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Daylight
  • Residential Compounds
  • Happiness
  • Psychological Health
  • Isfahan
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